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University of Exeter Medical School

Practice Placement 3

Module titlePractice Placement 3
Module codeRAD3004ADA
Academic year2023/4
Credits30
Module staff

Mrs Julie Mills (Lecturer)

Ms Demelza Green (Convenor)

Duration: Term123
Duration: Weeks

Please see note below*

Please see note below*

Please see note below*

Number students taking module (anticipated)

40

Module description

Please note that Degree Apprenticeship programmes have variable start dates and modules are taught across the full year.

During this final placement you will become an integral member of the multi-professional healthcare team: skilled to deal with a full range of patients using a wide range of modalities. You will have responsibility for organising your working day and liaising with staff in other departments and will gain experience of managing an inter-professional team.

The module commences with an attendance block at the University of Exeter with an emphasis on face-to-face learning. The module then runs over a 12 month period with two further block attendances across the year for further face-to-face learning. In the non-block weeks there will be protected ‘off the job’ learning (one day (7.5 hours) per week) supported by e-learning materials provided by the academic team. The full calendar of activities and assessment will be made available via the handbook. Annual leave may be booked in accordance with the requirements laid out in the handbook.

Module aims - intentions of the module

This third and final general placement enables you to bring together all the skills and knowledge required of a proficient compassionate radiographer. You will work in a range of areas gaining experience of more complex examinations and also of how to organise resources to effectively meet the needs of the department. This final placement will enable you to prepare for your end point assessment and subsequent practice as an autonomous radiographer.

Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)

ILO: Module-specific skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

  • 1. Practice safely and effectively within the scope of this placement, demonstrating proficiency in equipment handling, infection control, radiographic positioning, patient immobilisation, manual handling, optimal exposure selection and image acquisition across all patient age groups
  • 2. Care for and communicate with patients of all ages and abilities appropriately, demonstrating a duty of care and awareness of raising concerns and awareness of legal and ethical professional boundaries including confidentiality
  • 3. Describe and implement radiation protection measures (including patient identification, interpreting referral information, and ensuring appropriate use of medical imaging)
  • 4. Evaluate medical images encountered within the scope of this placement using a recognised methodology, identifying normal, developmental and anatomical variant anatomy, assessing image quality and taking corrective action, using abnormality alerts as per departmental protocol
  • 5. Demonstrate the ability to assess, monitor and care for patients, before during and after medical imaging procedures, and be able to recognise the deteriorating patient and have the skills and knowledge to undertake basic life support

ILO: Discipline-specific skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

  • 6. Demonstrate the skills needed to support clinical education training, leadership and feedback reflecti on clinical experience and identify personal strengths and areas for further learning
  • 7. Maintain accurate records, meeting professional requirements, as well as an individual learning journal

ILO: Personal and key skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

  • 8. Contribute positively to the placement department, working in partnership with service users, work effectively with other professions and professionals, support staff and others, ensure effective management of caseload and resources
  • 9. Practice within limits of own proficiency seeking advice as appropriate, accepting responsibility for decisions made and having awareness of own physical and mental wellbeing.
  • 10. Solve problems using knowledge, experience and personal initiative

Syllabus plan

Whilst the module’s precise content may vary from year to year, an example of an overall structure is as follows. The amount of time is not proscribed and is at the discretion of the employing department but must be such that the learning outcomes / proficiencies are achievable.

It is expected that apprentices will undertake basic life support, manual handling, fire safety and other annual Trust requirements as part of their employment contract, and as such these requirements are not, therefore, stipulated here. As a condition of employment, apprentices must abide by their employers’ policies and procedures and as such this is not stipulated within the syllabus.

 

 

 

SAFE AND EFFECTIVE PRACTICE

  • Positioning, and patient immobilisation for x-ray imaging including modification of technique to meet patient needs and supplementary projections across a breadth of practice, meeting learning needs, to ensure completion of the proficiency and skills log. This may include any or all of the following areas of practice:
  • General and Emergency Department / Minor Injuries,
  • Fluoroscopy,
  •  Imaging under anaesthesia / unconscious patients
  • Imaging outside of the imaging department
  • Dental radiography,
  • Paediatrics,
  • Computed Tomography (CT) – head and routine techniques
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI – routine techniques
  • Out of hours services.
    • Observe and assist with imaging in the following areas:
    • Interventional,
    • Computed Tomography (CT) – advanced techniques,
    • Ultrasound (US),
    • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - advanced techniques
    • Radionuclide Imaging (RNI) (including PET-CT where possible),
    • Mammography (where permissible),
    • Dual energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA).
      • Optimal exposure selection and imaging acquisition in area(s) of practice
      • Accurate operation of equipment, safe working, hazard and risk management.
      • Operate equipment accurately in accordance with health and safety legislation.
      • Safe and effective manual handling.
      • Principles underpinning infection prevention and control and management of waste and spills.
      • Infection prevention and control principles practice, including use of personal protective equipment.
      • Aseptic technique and / or sterile environment (as required by the area of practice).
      • Applicable health and safety legislation, and relevant safety policies and procedures including incident reporting.
      • Safety considerations associated with the use of contrast media across all modalities.

 

COMMUNICATION AND SAFEGUARDING

  • Patient identification, provision of accurate information
  • Informed consent in range of settings encountered within this placement setting
  • Care for, and communicate with, patients appropriately, including paediatrics, respecting and upholding their rights, dignity, values and autonomy, exercising a professional duty of care
  • Care for, and communicate with, patients appropriately, including paediatrics, encouraging their active participation in their care
  • Care for, and communicate with and support patients appropriately, including in situations of personal incompatibility
  • Care for, and communicate with, patients appropriately, adapting means of communication to meet needs taking into account factors such as age, capacity, learning and physical ability
  • Care for, and communicate with, patients appropriately, taking into account factors such as age, culture, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic status and spiritual / religious beliefs
  • Care for, and communicate with, patients appropriately including use of interpreters as appropriate
  • Applicable ethical issues, including confidentiality, limits of confidentiality and the need to act in the best interests of service users at all times
  • Raising concerns and situations when information needs to be shared to safeguard individuals or the wider public
  • Practice in a non-discriminatory manner
  • Emotional intelligence, empathy, compassion and emotional resilience

 

RADIATION PROTECTION/SAFETY

  • Use of referral and other information from other healthcare professionals to ensure appropriate and optimal use of medical imaging
  • Local justification criteria, clinical priorities based on urgency of clinical conditions
  • Radiation protection measures, showing awareness of current legislation and local application in the environments encountered within this placement
  • Risk benefit approach to ensure individual patient exposure is appropriate, both to protect individual patients and the population gene pool
  • Effective dose equivalent associated with different imaging procedures and relate to risk/benefit judgements; discuss the role of dose reference levels in practice

 

IMAGE EVALUATION

  • Processing and software used for imaging viewing
  • Normal, developmental and anatomical-variant radiographic anatomy
  • Common pathology demonstrated on the range of images encountered within the negotiated area of placement
  • Assessment (using the department’s recognised methodology) and evaluation of images
  • Identification of images of poor diagnostic quality and corrective action
  • Identification of the need for further projections
  • Use of departmental abnormality alert systems as appropriate
  • Processes for escalation in the case of unexpected findings including use of abnormality alerts as appropriate

 

PATIENT CARE

  • Recognition of a deteriorating patient
  • Skills and knowledge to undertake basic life support
  • Assessment, monitoring and care for the service user before, during and after medical imaging procedures
  • Removal and reapplication of supports and dressings

 

DOCUMENTATION

  • Principles of information governance and related legislation (GDPR) as it relates to healthcare in practice
  • Maintenance of accurate and up-to-date records

 

PROFESSIONALISM

  • Relevance and application of the area of practice in order to advise other healthcare professionals in relation to the patient's needs
  • Professional relationships, both as an independent practitioner and as part of a team
  • Caseload management
  • Resources to ensure safe, effective practice
  • Interprofessional teams working in different environments including the ward setting, theatres, and within the radiology department and attendance at MDT
  • Personal professional behaviour (honesty, integrity, respect, character as per HCPC Code of Conduct)

 

 

EDUCATIONAL THEORIES & COMMUNICATION STYLES

  • Learning styles, assessment and recognising good and poor practice
  • Communication strategies including giving and receiving feedback

 

SCOPE OF PRACTICE

  • Limits of own practice, seek advice as appropriate
  • Fitness to practice (physical, mental), seeking advice and guidance, actions to be taken in case of change of circumstance

 

PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS

  • Resolution of problems by using knowledge, experience and personal initiative
  • Decisions making in regard to whether to undertake, cease or modify imaging examinations
  • Professional responsibility in decision making

 

Learning activities and teaching methods (given in hours of study time)

Scheduled Learning and Teaching ActivitiesGuided independent studyPlacement / study abroad
1374638

Details of learning activities and teaching methods

CategoryHours of study timeDescription
Scheduled learning and teaching activities33 x 1 hour placement preparation lectures
Scheduled learning and teaching activities1010 x 1 hour tutorials
Guided independent study 74Directed reading, private study and revision
Placement6382 x 7.5 hour days per week over 11 months (minus leave, study blocks, assessment windows) as per placement guidance and contract with employer

Formative assessment

Form of assessmentSize of the assessment (eg length / duration)ILOs assessedFeedback method
Portfolio feedback on practice1-10Written
Discussions with mentor1-10Verbal

Summative assessment (% of credit)

CourseworkWritten examsPractical exams
00100

Details of summative assessment

Form of assessment% of creditSize of the assessment (eg length / duration)ILOs assessedFeedback method
Structured Objective Assessment of Practice (SOAP) - Complex case mix501 session1-10Written
Clinical Education - observation of practice (pass / fail)01 session6Written
Coursework (Clinical Education)503000 words6Written
Completion of Record of Proficiency and Skills (aligned with HCPC and apprenticeship standard (Pass / Fail)0N/A1,3,4,9Written
Record of completion (verified by employer) of knowledges, skills and behaviours (pass / fail) as defined by the apprenticeship standard*0N/A1-10Verbal

Details of re-assessment (where required by referral or deferral)

Original form of assessmentForm of re-assessmentILOs re-assessedTimescale for re-assessment
Structured Objective Assessment of Practice (SOAP) - complex case (50% 1 session)Structured Objective Assessment of Practice (SOAP) - Complex case (50% 1 session) 1-10within the published clinical practice period
Clinical Education - observation of practice (0% Pass/Fail) Clinical Education - observation of practice (0% Pass/Fail)65 weeks after mark release
Completion of Record of Proficiency and Skills (aligned with HCPC and apprenticeship standard (0% pass/fail)As for original Record of Proficiency and Skills (aligned with HCPC and apprenticeship standard (0% Pass/fail)1,3,4,95 weeks after mark release
Coursework (Clinical Education) (50% 3000 words)Coursework (Clinical Education) (50% 3000 words)65 weeks after mark release
Record of completion (verified by employer) of knowledges, skills and behaviours as defined by the apprenticeship standard* (0% Pass/fail)Record of completion (verified by employer) of knowledges, skills and behaviours as defined by the apprenticeship standard* (0% Pass/fail)1-105 weeks after mark release

Re-assessment notes

This programme runs to a non-standard timetable; assessment weeks and Assessment, Progression & Awarding Committees (APACs) for both initial and deferred assessments are held as per the programme’s published timetable.

A pass at 40% in each of these assessment components is necessary to pass the module (including the Skills and Proficiency Log).. Structured Objective Assessments of Practice (SOAPs) must be taken and passed within the placement period for the module; any required assessment not taken within this time is deemed to have been failed. An apprentice who has failed a SOAP component may be reassessed once within the placement period. A second-attempt component mark is capped at 40%. If a second attempt is also failed, a final assessment attempt is permitted, in such cases both the reassessment component mark and the module mark will be capped at 40%. If any component is not passed at the final referral attempt, the module is capped at 39%.

*Record of completion of knowledges, skills and behaviours is achieved through the submission of a completed e-Portfolio and includes evidence of academic achievement within each module of the programme. Where repeat study is offered for a failed module and provided all other components of RAD3004aDA have been achieved, the completion date for the Record of completion will be delayed until that period of repeat study is completed. The marks for RAD3004aDA will not be ratified until that point. A delay period of 12 months maximum will be permitted. If other assessment components of RAD3004aDA have not been achieved, the delay period will not apply and the record of completion will be deemed to have not been achieved i.e. RAD3004aDA has been failed.

Indicative learning resources - Basic reading

• Raby N. (2014), Accident and Emergency Radiology - A Survival Guide (3rd edition), Saunders Ltd, ISBN 9780702042324


• Whitley AS, Jefferson G, Holmes K, Hoadley G, Sloane C, Anderson C. (2015) Clark's Positioning in Radiography (13th edition). CRC Press, London. ISBN 9781444122350

·        

Indicative learning resources - Web based and electronic resources

  • UK Statutory Instruments (2017), Ionising Radiation Regulations 2017, The Stationary Office, Available from https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2017/1075/contents/made  
  • UK Statutory Instruments (2017), The Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2017, The Stationery Office, Available from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2017/1322/made  
  • UK Statutory Instruments (2018), The Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) (Amendment) Regulations 2018, The Stationary Office, Available from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/121/contents/made 
  • The Health & Safety Executive (2018), Work with Ionising Radiation. Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017: Approved Code of Practice and Guidance, HSE Books, ISBN 9780717666621 
  • Standards of conduct performance and ethics https://www.hcpc-uk.org  
  • Code of Professional Conduct, College of Radiographers (2013), Society and College of Radiographers, https://www.sor.org/  
  • Principles for continuing professional development and lifelong learning in health and social care, Society and College of Radiographers, https://www.sor.org/ 
  • Obtaining consent: a clinical guideline for the diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy workforce, Society and College of Radiographers, https://www.sor.org/  
  • Guidance on mental capacity decisions in diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy, Society and College of Radiographers https://www.sor.org/ 
  • The Scope of Practice 2013, Society and College of Radiographers, https://www.sor.org/

Indicative learning resources - Other resources

  • Carlton R.R. and Adler A.M. (2013), Radiographic Imaging Concepts and Principles (5th edition), Delmar, ISBN 1473720524
  • Ehrlich R.A. and Daly J.A. (2017), Patient Care in Radiography (9th edition), Mosby, ISBN 9780323377713
  • Johns C. (2013), Becoming a Reflective Practitioner (4th edition), Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN 9780470674260
  • Society and College of Radiographers (2006), Health Care Associated Infections (HCAIs) Practical Guidance and Advice, Society and College of Radiographers, ISBN 1 871101 39 5

Key words search

Medical Imaging, Patient, Radiation, Protection, Anatomy, Pathologies, Protocols, Care

Credit value30
Module ECTS

15

Module pre-requisites

RAD2001DA, RAD2002DA, RAD2003DA, RAD2004DA

Module co-requisites

RAD3001DA, RAD3002DA, RAD3003ADA

NQF level (module)

6

Available as distance learning?

No

Origin date

21/12/2021

Last revision date

06/11/2023