Pathology and Image Interpretation 2

Module title	Pathology and Image Interpretation 2
Module code	PAM3019
Academic year	2022/3
Credits	30
Module staff	Mrs Niamh Gale () Dr Fiona Mellor ()

Duration: Term	1	2	3
Duration: Weeks		11

Number students taking module (anticipated)	65

Module description

This module builds on PAM1019 Anatomy and Physiology for Radiographers and PAM2014 Pathology and Image Interpretation 1. A variety of learning methods are used to provide you with the opportunity to extend your knowledge of pathology and further develop your image interpretation skills to include the axial skeleton.

Module aims - intentions of the module

This module aims to further develop your knowledge and understanding of pathological processes and image interpretation. You will learn to research diseases, which you may be unfamiliar with and gain understanding of the role of imaging in diagnosis. In preparation for your first clinical role as a qualified radiographer, you will consolidate your decision making and preliminary clinical evaluation (PCE) skills in line with The Society and College of Radiographers 2013 policy for Image Interpretation and Reporting.

Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)

ILO: Module-specific skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

1. Describe altered states of anatomy and pathophysiology in the human body
2. Explain the basic principles of medical and sociological care in health, disease and trauma
3. Identify and describe normal and abnormal appearances of the axial and appendicular skeleton
4. Explain the implications for imaging patients suffering disease and trauma

ILO: Discipline-specific skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

5. Explore the patient experience of living with disease and undergoing imaging
6. Use appropriate sources of information to develop own knowledge;

ILO: Personal and key skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

7. Manage time and, with limited guidance, prioritise workloads;
8. Demonstrate problem-solving skills;

Syllabus plan

Whilst the module’s precise content may vary from year to year, an example of an overall structure is as follows:

Revision of normal anatomy and common anatomical variants:
Revision of axial skeleton: joints, associated musculature and other tissues.
Revision of thorax and abdomen: principal internal organs.
Disease and trauma, particularly as demonstrated on diagnostic images; Gastro-intestinal, Hepatobiliary, Urinary, Reproductive, Endocrine, Respiratory, Cardio-vascular systems, Suspected physical abuse (SPA), Axial skeleton image interpretation.
Identification and description of common abnormalities; Appendicular skeleton, Axial skeleton
Practical exercises in image interpretation
Patient care considerations in disease and trauma
Patient care pathways
Imaging implications of disease and trauma
Service user experiences

Learning activities and teaching methods (given in hours of study time)

Scheduled Learning and Teaching Activities	Guided independent study	Placement / study abroad
60	240

Details of learning activities and teaching methods

Category	Hours of study time	Description
Scheduled learning and teaching activities	35	Lectures, Scenarios, Case Studies
Scheduled learning and teaching activities	25	Practical work, Flipped classrooms
Guided independent study	240	Reading, private study and revision

Formative assessment

Form of assessment	Size of the assessment (eg length / duration)	ILOs assessed	Feedback method
Workshops	2 hours	5	Verbal based on participation
9 x Image Interpretation Tests	9 x 1 hour	3	Self-assessed

Summative assessment (% of credit)

Coursework	Written exams	Practical exams
0	100	0

Details of summative assessment

Form of assessment	% of credit	Size of the assessment (eg length / duration)	ILOs assessed	Feedback method
Pathology Examination (seen)	50	2 hours	1,2,4, 6-8	iExeter and ELE
Image Interpretation Examination	50	2 hours	3, 6-8	iExeter and ELE

Details of re-assessment (where required by referral or deferral)

Original form of assessment	Form of re-assessment	ILOs re-assessed	Timescale for re-assessment
Pathology Examination (seen) (50 %) 2 hours	Pathology Examination (seen)	1,2,4, 6-8	August assessment period
Image Interpretation Examination (50% ) 2 hours	Image Interpretation Examination	3, 6-8	August assessment period

Re-assessment notes

Please refer to the TQA section on Referral/Deferral: http://as.exeter.ac.uk/academic-policy-standards/tqa-manual/aph/consequenceoffailure/

Indicative learning resources - Basic reading

Key Reference Texts:

Chan,O. 3^rd edition (2013) ABC of Emergency Radiology. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9781118495193 (e-book) or 9780470670934
Eisenberg R.L. and Johnson N.M. (2016), Comprehensive Radiographic Pathology (6^th edition), Mosby, ISBN 9780323353243
Keats, T and Anderson, M. 2012. Atlas of Normal Roentgen Variants that may Simulate Disease. 9th ed. Elsevier. ISBN: 9780323073554
Kumar,P & Clark,M. 9^th Edition (2017) Clinical Medicine. Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 9780702066016 (pbk.)
Raby N. (2014), Accident and Emergency Radiology - A Survival Guide (3rd edition), Saunders Ltd, ISBN 9780702042324
Begg, J. D. 2006. Abdominal X-Rays Made Easy. 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone. ISBN: 9780443102578
Corne, J. and Kumaran, M. 2015. Chest X-Ray Made Easy. 4th ed. Elsevier. ISBN: 9780702054990
de Lacey, G., Morley, S. and Berman, L. 2008. The Chest X-Ray: A Survival Guide. Saunders Ltd. ISBN: 9780702030468
Tortora G.J. and Derrickson B. (2017), Principles of Anatomy and Physiology (15^th edition), John Wiley, ISBN 9781119382928

Indicative learning resources - Web based and electronic resources

ELE – College to provide hyperlink to appropriate pages

Web based and electronic resources: http://vle.exeter.ac.uk/

E-Learning for Health https://portal.e-lfh.org.uk/

Norwich Image Interpretation Course https://www.imageinterpretation.co.uk/

Indicative learning resources - Other resources

Berman L, de Lacey G, Twomey E, Twomey B, Welch T, Eban R. (1985) Reducing errors in the accident department: a simple method using radiographers. BMJ; 290: 421–2.
Brealey S. (2001) Quality assurance in radiographic reporting: a proposed framework. Radiography. Nov 30;7(4):263-70
Health & Care Professions Council. Standards of Proficiency – Radiographers. Available at https://www.hcpc-uk.org/resources/standards/standards-of-proficiency-radiographers/
Kowalczyk N. and Mace J.D. (2017), Radiographic Pathology for Technologists (7^th edition), Mosby, ISBN 9780323675765
The Royal College of Radiologists. Clinical Examinations-FRCR. (2016). Available at https://www.rcr.ac.uk/clinical-radiology/examinations/final-frcr-part-b-examination-0
Royal College of Radiologists and Society and College of Radiographers (2017), The radiological investigation of suspected physical abuse in children, Society and College of Radiographers, Ref No. BFCR(17)4
Society and College of Radiographers (2013), Preliminary Clinical Evaluation and Clinical Reporting by Radiographers: Policy and Practice Guidance, Society and College of Radiographers, ISBN 978-1-906225-36-0
Wright,C. & Reeves,P. (2016) Radbench: Developing Image Interpretation Skills. Radiography. P1-6 . http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2015.12.010
Wright,C. & Reeves,P. (2017) Image Interpretation Performance: A Longitudinal Study from Novice to Professional. Radiography. Volume 23, Issue 1, February 2017, e1–e7, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2016.08.006

Key words search

Medical Imaging; Pathology; Diseases; Trauma; Image Interpretation; Anatomy; Suspected Physical Abuse

Credit value	30
Module ECTS	15
Module pre-requisites	PAM1019 + PAM2014
Module co-requisites	None
NQF level (module)	6
Available as distance learning?	No
Origin date	03/03/2020
Last revision date	31/01/2022