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Professor Richard Smith

Professor of Health Economics and Deputy Vice Chancellor for Strategy Integration and Resources

01392 72 6076

Medical School Building F.06

Medical School Building, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK

Overview

Richard Smith is Professor of Health Economics and Deputy Vice Chancellor for Strategy Integration and Resources. He was previously at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, where he served as Head of the Department of Global Health & Development from 2008-2011, and as Dean of the Faculty of Public Health & Policy from 2011-2018.

Richard has experience with a wide range of economic methods, including micro-, macro-, behavioural-, and political-economic techniques, applied to various areas, from health outcome assessment to antibiotic resistance. In the last decade he has especially pioneered the macro-economic modelling of communicable and non-communicable diseases, the economic analysis of the impact of trade and trade agreements on health and health care across a range of areas, and assessment of fiscal measures related to public health, including collaboration in the evaluation of the UK 'sugar tax'. Richard was an original member of the team submitting the successful proposal for SPHERE, leading on the Social Environments programme. This reflected especially his work over the last decade on the economics of food systems, much of which has been funded by the NIHR and focussed on the UK, although also in other countries. Although stepping back from SPHERE management responsibilities given his University role, Richard remains closely involved in the research activity of SPHERE, and also supervises an SPHR-funded PhD student, Bethany Parkes.

Richard has received research funding in excess of £40m and has more than 200 publications. He is a senior Editor for Social Science & Medicine, and has had previous editorial responsibilities for journals including Health Economics, Journal of Public Health and Globalization and Health. He has been member and chair of various research funding panels, and expert advisor for numerous organisations, including WHO, WTO, World Bank, OECD and various countries. He has been elected as an Honorary Member of the Faculty of Public Health, Member of the Royal Society of Public Health, Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences and as a Principal Fellow of the Higher Education Academy.

Qualifications

1990 BA Economics, University of York
1991 MSc Health Economics, University of York
2007 PhD Health Economics, University of East Anglia

Current Grants:

White M, Smith RD, Cummins S, Rutter H, Rayner M, Scarborough P, Briggs A, Harrington R, Adams J, Mytton O. Evaluation of the impacts of the UK Treasury Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL). NIHR, £1,500,000, 2017-2021.
Cornelsen L, Smith RD. Role of food prices and food system changes in improving population health. MRC Career Development Award for Cornelsen, £500,000, 2017-2022.
Hanefeld J, Walls H, Smith RD, Vearey J, Gilson L. Gender, migration and health system responses in South Africa: A focus on the movement of healthcare users and workers. MRC HSRI, £683,167, 2019-2021.
Kingston P, Garde A, Hunter P, Lincoln P, Mabhala M, Manning P, Parish R, Pencheon D, Sassi F, Smith RD, Winters A [alphabetical after PI]. PETRA: Prevention of Disease Using Trade Agreements. UKPRP Network Award, MRC, £318,000, 2019-2022.
Adger N, Smith RD, Quinn T, Murphy C, Codjo S, Morrissey K. Evaluating Health Impacts of Climate Adaptation Strategies. Wellcome Trust, £489,850, 2019-2022.
Smith RD, Medina-Lara A, Spencer A. Estimating the Burden of Chemical Contaminants in Food. Food Standards Agency, £234,851, 2020-2022.
Burgoine T, Adams J, Cummins S, Mytton O, Smith RD, Thompson C, White M (alphabetical after PI). Evaluation of planning policy to regulate takeaway food outlets for improved health in England. NIHR, £1,342,495, 2021-2024.
White M, BalmfordA, Burgoine T, Cummin S, Dicks L, Francis O, Frew E, Loopstra R, Mytton O, Prabhu J, van Rens T, Smith RD, Srai J (alphabetical after PI). Transforming Urban Food Systems for Planetary and Population Health (The Mandala Consortium). BBSRC (UKRI), £5,999,468, 2021-2026.
Adams J, White M, Robinson E, Burgoine T, Smith RD, Jones A, Bishop T, Sharp S. Implementation and assessment of mandatory calorie labelling in the out-of-home sector. NIHR PRP, £649,726, 2021-2024.
Adams J, Boyland E, Scarborough P, Smith RD, White M [alphabetical after PI]. Preparing for an evaluation of new UK restrictions on TV food advertising and online food marketing: developing a concept map and collecting baseline data for a process evaluation. NIHR Public Health Research programme Rapid Funding, £49,897, 2021.

Research

Publications

Key publications | Publications by category | Publications by year

Publications by category

Journal articles

Faccioli M, Law C, Caine C, Berger N, Yan X, Weninger F, Guell C, Day B, Smith R, Bateman I, et al (2022). Combined carbon and health taxes outperform single-purpose information or fiscal measures in designing sustainable food policies. Nature Food, 3, 331-340. Abstract.

Forde H, Boyland EJ, Scarborough P, Smith R, White M, Adams J (2022). Exploring the potential impact of the proposed UK TV and online food advertising regulations: a concept mapping study. BMJ Open, 12(6), e060302-e060302. Abstract.

Hu X, Davies R, Morrissey K, Smith R, Fleming LE, Sharmina M, Clair R, Hopkinson P (2022). Single-use Plastic and COVID-19 in the NHS: Barriers and Opportunities. Journal of Public Health Research, 11(1), jphr.2021.2483-jphr.2021.2483. Abstract.

Matita M, Chirwa EW, Johnston D, Mazalale J, Smith R, Walls H (2021). Does household participation in food markets increase dietary diversity? Evidence from rural Malawi. Global Food Security, 28, 100486-100486.

Cuevas S, Patel N, Thompson C, Petticrew M, Cummins S, Smith R, Cornelsen L (2021). Escaping the Red Queen: Health as a corporate food marketing strategy. SSM - Population Health, 16, 100953-100953.

McGill E, Er V, Penney T, Egan M, White M, Meier P, Whitehead M, Lock K, Anderson de Cuevas R, Smith R, et al (2021). Evaluation of public health interventions from a complex systems perspective: a research methods review. Social Science & Medicine, 272, 113697-113697.

Berger N, Cummins S, Smith RD, Cornelsen L (2021). Have socio-economic inequalities in sugar purchasing widened? a longitudinal analysis of food and beverage consumer data from British households, 2014-2017. Public Health Nutrition, 24(7), 1583-1594. Abstract.

Berger L, Berger N, Bosetti V, Gilboa I, Hansen LP, Jarvis C, Marinacci M, Smith RD (2021). Rational policymaking during a pandemic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(4). Abstract.

Carriedo A, Koon AD, Encarnación LM, Lee K, Smith R, Walls H (2021). The political economy of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Latin America: lessons from Mexico, Chile and Colombia. Globalization and Health, 17(1).

Abstract
. Background
. In Latin America, total sales of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) continue to rise at an alarming rate. Consumption of added sugar is a leading cause of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Coalitions of stakeholders have formed in several countries in the region to address this public health challenge including participation of civil society organizations and transnational corporations. Little is currently known about these coalitions – what interests they represent, what goals they pursue and how they operate. Ensuring the primacy of public health goals is a particular governance challenge. This paper comparatively analyses governance challenges involved in the adoption of taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages in Mexico, Chile and Colombia. The three countries have similar political and economic systems, institutional arrangements and regulatory instruments but differing policy outcomes.
.
. Methods
. We analysed the political economy of SSB taxation based on a qualitative synthesis of existing empirical evidence. We identify the key stakeholders involved in the policy process, identified their interests, and assess how they influenced adoption and implementation of the tax.
.
. Results
. Coalitions for and against the SSB taxation formed the basis of policy debates in all three countries. Intergovernmental support was critical to framing the SSB tax aims, benefits and implementation; and for countries to adopt it. A major constraint to implementation was the strong influence of transnational corporations (TNCs) in the policy process. A lack of transparency during agenda setting was notably enhanced by the powerful presence of TNCs.
.
. Conclusion
. NCDs prevention policies need to be supported across government, alongside grassroots organizations, policy champions and civil society groups to enhance their success. However, governance arrangements involving coalitions between public and private sector actors need to recognize power asymmetries among different actors and mitigate their potentially negative consequences. Such arrangements should include clear mechanisms to ensure transparency and accountability of all partners, and prevent undue influence by industry interests associated with unhealthy products.
.

Abstract.

Robinson E, Marty L, Jones A, White M, Smith R, Adams J (2021). Will calorie labels for food and drink served outside the home improve public health?. BMJ, 372 Author URL.

Law C, Cornelsen L, Adams J, Penney T, Rutter H, White M, Smith R (2020). An analysis of the stock market reaction to the announcements of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy. Economics and Human Biology, 38 Abstract.

Pell D, Penney TL, Mytton O, Briggs A, Cummins S, Rayner M, Rutter H, Scarborough P, Sharp SJ, Smith RD, et al (2020). Anticipatory changes in British household purchases of soft drinks associated with the announcement of the Soft Drinks Industry Levy: a controlled interrupted time series analysis. PLoS Medicine, 17(11). Abstract.

Biondi B, Cornelsen L, Mazzocchi M, Smith R (2020). Between preferences and references: Asymmetric price elasticities and the simulation of fiscal policies. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 180, 108-128. Abstract.

Milsom P, Smith R, Baker P, Walls H (2020). Corporate power and the international trade regime preventing progressive policy action on non-communicable diseases: a realist review. Health Policy and Planning, 36(4), 493-508.

AbstractTransnational tobacco, alcohol and ultra-processed food corporations use the international trade regime to prevent policy action on non-communicable diseases (NCDs); i.e. to promote policy ‘non-decisions’. Understanding policy non-decisions can be assisted by identifying power operating in relevant decision-making spaces, but trade and health research rarely explicitly engages with theories of power. This realist review aimed to synthesize evidence of different forms and mechanisms of power active in trade and health decision-making spaces to understand better why NCD policy non-decisions persist and the implications for future transformative action. We iteratively developed power-based theories explaining how transnational health-harmful commodity corporations (THCCs) utilize the international trade regime to encourage NCD policy non-decisions. To support theory development, we also developed a conceptual framework for analysing power in public health policymaking. We searched six databases and relevant grey literature and extracted, synthesized and mapped the evidence against the proposed theories. One hundred and four studies were included. Findings were presented for three key forms of power. Evidence indicates THCCs attempt to exercise instrumental power by extensive lobbying often via privileged access to trade and health decision-making spaces. When their legitimacy declines, THCCs have attempted to shift decision-making to more favourable international trade legal venues. THCCs benefit from structural power through the institutionalization of their involvement in health and trade agenda-setting processes. In terms of discursive power, THCCs effectively frame trade and health issues in ways that echo and amplify dominant neoliberal ideas. These processes may further entrench the individualization of NCDs, restrict conceivable policy solutions and perpetuate policymaking norms that privilege economic/trade interests over health. This review identifies different forms and mechanisms of power active in trade and health policy spaces that enable THCCs to prevent progressive action on NCDs. It also points to potential strategies for challenging these power dynamics and relations.

Abstract.

Milsom P, Smith R, Walls H (2020). Expanding Public Health Policy Analysis for Transformative Change: the Importance of Power and Ideas Comment on "What Generates Attention to Health in Trade Policy-Making? Lessons from Success in Tobacco Control and Access to Medicines: a Qualitative Study of Australia and the (Comprehensive and Progressive) Trans-Pacific Partnership". International Journal of Health Policy and Management Abstract.

Cornelsen L, Quaife M, Lagarde M, Smith RD (2020). Framing and signalling effects of taxes on sugary drinks: a discrete choice experiment among households in Great Britain. Health Economics (United Kingdom), 29(10), 1132-1147. Abstract.

Hatefi A, Marten R, Smith RD (2020). Global-scale action in health: a common language is a critical starting point to bolster global health financing. Health Policy and Planning, 35(8), 1133-1136.

Vassall A, Sweeney S, Barasa E, Prinja S, Keogh-Brown MR, Tarp Jensen H, Smith R, Baltussen R, M Eggo R, Jit M, et al (2020). Integrating economic and health evidence to inform Covid-19 policy in low- and middle- income countries. Wellcome Open Research, 5, 272-272. Abstract.

Coutrot IP, Smith R, Cornelsen L (2020). Is the rise of crowdfunding for medical expenses in the United Kingdom symptomatic of systemic gaps in health and social care?. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 25(3), 181-186. Abstract.

Berger N, Cummins S, Allen A, Smith RD, Cornelsen L (2020). Patterns of beverage purchases amongst British households: a latent class analysis. PLoS Medicine, 17(9).

Background: Beverages, especially sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), have been increasingly subject to policies aimed at reducing their consumption as part of measures to tackle obesity. However, precision targeting of policies is difficult as information on what types of consumers they might affect, and to what degree, is missing. We fill this gap by creating a typology of beverage consumers in Great Britain (GB) based on observed beverage purchasing behaviour to determine what distinct types of beverage consumers exist, and what their socio-demographic (household) characteristics, dietary behaviours, and weight status are. Methods and findings: We used cross-sectional latent class analysis to characterise patterns of beverage purchases. We used data from the 2016 GB Kantar Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) panel, a large representative household purchase panel of food and beverages brought home, and restricted our analyses to consumers who purchase beverages regularly (i.e. >52 l per household member annually) (n = 8,675). Six categories of beverages were used to classify households into latent classes: SSBs; diet beverages; fruit juices and milk-based beverages; beer and cider; wine; and bottled water. Multinomial logistic regression and linear regression were used to relate class membership to household characteristics, self-reported weight status, and other dietary behaviours, derived from GB Kantar FMCG. Seven latent classes were identified, characterised primarily by higher purchases of 1 or 2 categories of beverages: 'SSB' (18% of the sample; median SSB volume = 49.4 l/household member/year; median diet beverage volume = 38.0 l), 'Diet' (16%; median diet beverage volume = 94.4 l), 'Fruit & Milk' (6%; median fruit juice/milk-based beverage volume = 30.0 l), 'Beer & Cider' (7%; median beer and cider volume = 36.3 l; median diet beverage volume = 55.6 l), 'Wine' (18%; median wine volume = 25.5 l; median diet beverage volume = 34.3 l), 'Water' (4%; median water volume = 46.9 l), and 'Diverse' (30%; diversity of purchases, including median SSB volume = 22.4 l). Income was positively associated with being classified in the Diverse class, whereas low social grade was more likely for households in the classes SSB, Diet, and Beer & Cider. Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) was more prevalent in the class Diet (41.2%, 95% CI 37.7%-44.7%) despite households obtaining little energy from beverages in that class (17.9 kcal/household member/day, 95% CI 16.2-19.7). Overweight/ obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2) was above average in the class SSB (66.8%, 95% CI 63.7%-69.9%). When looking at all groceries, households from the class SSB had higher total energy purchases (1,943.6 kcal/household member/day, 95% CI 1,901.7-1,985.6), a smaller proportion of energy from fruits and vegetables (6.0%, 95% CI 5.8%-6.3%), and a greater proportion of energy from less healthy food and beverages (54.6%, 95% CI 54.0%-55.1%) than other classes. A greater proportion of energy from sweet snacks was observed for households in the classes SSB (18.5%, 95% CI 18.1%-19.0%) and Diet (18.8%, 95% CI 18.3%-19.3%). The main limitation of our analyses, in common with other studies, is that our data do not include information on food and beverage purchases that are consumed outside the home. Conclusions: Amongst households that regularly purchase beverages, those that mainly purchased high volumes of SSBs or diet beverages were at greater risk of obesity and tended to purchase less healthy foods, including a high proportion of energy from sweet snacks. These households might additionally benefit from policies targeting unhealthy foods, such as sweet snacks, as a way of reducing excess energy intake.

Abstract.

Watt TLS, Beckert W, Smith RD, Cornelsen L (2020). Reducing consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages through banning price promotions: What is the evidence and will it work?. Public Health Nutrition, 23(12), 2228-2233.

Objective: Increasing prevalence of overweight and obese people in England has led policymakers to consider regulating the use of price promotions on foods high in fat, sugar and salt content. In January 2019, the government opened a consultation programme for a policy proposal that significantly restricts the use of price promotions that can induce consumers to buy higher volumes of unhealthy foods and beverages. These proposed policies are the first of their kind in public health and are believed to reduce excess purchasing and, therefore, overconsumption of unhealthy products. This study summarises evidence relating price promotions to the purchasing of food and drink for home consumption and places it in the context of the proposed policy.Design: Non-systematic review of quantitative analyses of price promotions in food and drink published in peer-reviewed journals and sighted by PubMed, ScienceDirect & EBSCOhost between 1980 and January 2018.Results: While the impact of price promotions on sales has been of interest to marketing academics for a long time with modelling studies showing that its use has increased food and drink sales by 12-43 %, it is only now being picked up in the public health sphere. However, existing evidence does not consider the effects of removing or restricting the use of price promotions across the food sector. In this commentary, we discuss existing evidence, how it deals with the complexity of shoppers' behaviour in reacting to price promotions on foods and, importantly, what can be learned from it in this policy context.Conclusions: the current evidence base supports the notion that price promotions increase purchasing of unhealthy food, and while the proposed restriction policy is yet to be evaluated for consumption and health effects, there is arguably sufficient evidence to proceed. This evidence is not restricted to volume-based promotions. Close monitoring and proper evaluation should follow to provide empirical evidence of its intended and unintended effects.

Abstract.

Keogh-Brown MR, Jensen HT, Edmunds WJ, Smith RD (2020). The impact of Covid-19, associated behaviours and policies on the UK economy: a computable general equilibrium model. SSM - Population Health, 12 Abstract.

Law C, Cornelsen L, Adams J, Pell D, Rutter H, White M, Smith R (2020). The impact of UK soft drinks industry levy on manufacturers' domestic turnover. Econ Hum Biol, 37 Abstract. Author URL.

White M, Aguirre E, Finegood DT, Holmes C, Sacks G, Smith R (2020). What role should the commercial food system play in promoting health through better diet?. BMJ, 368 Abstract. Author URL.

Smith RD, Keogh-Brown MR, Chico RM, Bretscher MT, Drakeley C, Jensen HT (2020). Will More of the Same Achieve Malaria Elimination? Results from an Integrated Macroeconomic Epidemiological Demographic Model. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(5), 1871-1882.

Milsom P, Smith R, Walls H (2019). A Systems Thinking Approach to Inform Coherent Policy Action for NCD Prevention Comment on "How Neoliberalism is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention". International Journal of Health Policy and Management Abstract.

Cuevas García-Dorado S, Cornselsen L, Smith R, Walls H (2019). Economic globalization, nutrition and health: a review of quantitative evidence. Globalization and Health, 15(1).

Keogh-Brown MR, Jensen HT, Basu S, Aekplakorn W, Cuevas S, Dangour AD, Gheewala SH, Green R, Joy EJM, Rojroongwasinkul N, et al (2019). Evidence on the magnitude of the economic, health and population effects of palm cooking oil consumption: an integrated modelling approach with Thailand as a case study. Population Health Metrics, 17(1).

Yerushalmi E, Hunt P, Hoorens S, Sauboin C, Smith R (2019). Exploring the Use of a General Equilibrium Method to Assess the Value of a Malaria Vaccine: an Application to Ghana. MDM Policy & Practice, 4(2), 238146831989434-238146831989434. Abstract.

Cornelsen L, Mazzocchi M, Smith RD (2019). Fat tax or thin subsidy? How price increases and decreases affect the energy and nutrient content of food and beverage purchases in Great Britain. Social Science & Medicine, 230, 318-327.

Walls H, Smith R, Cuevas S, Hanefeld J (2019). International trade and investment: still the foundation for tackling nutrition related non-communicable diseases in the era of Trump?. BMJ, l2217-l2217.

Jensen HT, Keogh-Brown MR, Shankar B, Aekplakorn W, Basu S, Cuevas S, Dangour AD, Gheewala SH, Green R, Joy E, et al (2019). International trade, dietary change, and cardiovascular disease health outcomes: Import tariff reform using an integrated macroeconomic, environmental and health modelling framework for Thailand. SSM - Population Health, 9, 100435-100435.

Hanefeld J, Smith R (2019). Is the NHS really “off the table” in post-Brexit talks with the US?. BMJ, l6898-l6898.

Tarp Jenson H, Keogh-Brown MR, Shankar B, Aekplakorn W, Basu S, Cuevas S, Dangour AD, Gheewala SH, Green R, Joy EJM, et al (2019). Palm oil and dietary change: Application of an integrated macroeconomic, environmental, demographic, and health modelling framework for Thailand. Food Policy (Elsevier)

Scheelbeek PFD, Cornelsen L, Marteau TM, Jebb SA, Smith RD (2019). Potential impact on prevalence of obesity in the UK of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks: modelling study. BMJ, l4786-l4786.

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the potential impact on body mass index (BMI) and prevalence of obesity of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks.DesignModelling study.SettingGeneral adult population of the United Kingdom.Participants36 324 households with data on product level household expenditure from UK Kantar FMCG (fast moving consumer goods) panel for January 2012 to December 2013. Data were used to estimate changes in energy (kcal, 1 kcal=4.18 kJ=0.00418 MJ) purchase associated with a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks. Data for 2544 adults from waves 5 to 8 of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2012-16) were used to estimate resulting changes in BMI and prevalence of obesity.Main outcome measuresThe effect on per person take home energy purchases of a 20% price increase for three categories of high sugar snacks: confectionery (including chocolate), biscuits, and cakes. Health outcomes resulting from the price increase were measured as changes in weight, BMI (not overweight (BMI <25), overweight (BMI ≥25 and <30), and obese (BMI ≥30)), and prevalence of obesity. Results were stratified by household income and BMI.ResultsFor income groups combined, the average reduction in energy consumption for a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks was estimated to be 8.9×103kcal (95% confidence interval −13.1×103to −4.2×103kcal). Using a static weight loss model, BMI was estimated to decrease by 0.53 (95% confidence interval −1.01 to −0.06) on average across all categories and income groups. This change could reduce the UK prevalence of obesity by 2.7 percentage points (95% confidence interval −3.7 to −1.7 percentage points) after one year. The impact of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks on energy purchase was largest in low income households classified as obese and smallest in high income households classified as not overweight.ConclusionsIncreasing the price of high sugar snacks by 20% could reduce energy intake, BMI, and prevalence of obesity. This finding was in a UK context and was double that modelled for a similar price increase in sugar sweetened beverages.

Abstract.

Berger N, Cummins S, Smith RD, Cornelsen L (2019). Recent trends in energy and nutrient content of take-home food and beverage purchases in Great Britain: an analysis of 225 million food and beverage purchases over 6 years. BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, 2(2), 63-71.

IntroductionIn recent years, there has been an increased focus on developing a coherent obesity policy in the UK, which has led to various national policy initiatives aimed at improving population diet. We sought to determine whether there have been concurrent changes in trends in the nutrient content of take-home food and beverage purchases within this policy environment.MethodsWe used 2012–2017 data from the UK Kantar Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) panel, a nationally representative panel study of food and beverages bought by British households and brought into the home (n≈32 000 per year). Households used hand-held barcode scanners to report over 225 million product-level purchases of food and beverages, for which nutritional information was obtained. We estimated daily per capita purchases of energy and nutrients from 32 healthier and less healthy food groups defined using the nutrient profiling model used by the UK Department of Health.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2017, daily purchases of energy from food and beverages taken home decreased by 35.4 kcal (95% CI 25.5 to 45.2) per capita. This is explained by moderate decreases in the purchase of products with high contents in carbohydrate (−13.1 g (−14.4 to –11.8)) and sugar (−4.4 g (−5.1 to –3.7)), despite small increases in protein (1.7 g (1.4 to 2.1)) and saturated fat (0.4 g (0.2 to 0.6)). Food and beverage purchases exceeded daily reference intake values in fat (on average +6%), saturated fat (+43%), sugar (+16%) and protein (+28%) across all years. Although substitutions between individual food groups were large in energy and nutrients purchased, the heterogeneity of these patterns resulted in modest overall changes.ConclusionThere have been small declines in the purchase of less healthy food products, which translated to a small reduction of total energy and sugar purchases taken home. However, the rate of change needs to be accelerated in order to substantially reduce the health risks of poor diets, suggesting that more radical policies may be needed to attain larger population effects.

Abstract.

Cornelsen L, Berger N, Cummins S, Smith RD (2019). Socio-economic patterning of expenditures on ‘out-of-home’ food and non-alcoholic beverages by product and place of purchase in Britain. Social Science & Medicine, 235, 112361-112361.

Roope LSJ, Smith RD, Pouwels KB, Buchanan J, Abel L, Eibich P, Butler CC, Tan PS, Walker AS, Robotham JV, et al (2019). The challenge of antimicrobial resistance: What economics can contribute. Science, 364(6435). Abstract. Author URL.

Hanefeld J, Smith R (2019). The upside of trade in health services. BMJ, l2208-l2208.

Suzana M, Walls H, Smith R, Hanefeld J (2018). Achieving universal health coverage in small island states: could importing health services provide a solution?. BMJ Global Health, 3(1), e000612-e000612. Abstract.

Smith RD, Cornelson L, Quirmbach D, Jebb SA, Marteau TM (2018). Are sweet snacks more sensitive to price increases than sugar-sweetened beverages: analysis of British food purchase data. BMJ Open

Quirmbach D, Cornelsen L, Jebb SA, Marteau T, Smith R (2018). Effect of increasing the price of sugar-sweetened beverages on alcoholic beverage purchases: an economic analysis of sales data. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 72(4), 324-330. Abstract.

Suzana M, Walls H, Smith R, Hanefeld J (2018). Evaluation of public subsidy for medical travel: does it protect against household impoverishment?. International Journal for Equity in Health, 17(1).

Marten R (2018). How states exerted power to create the Millennium Development Goals and how this shaped the global health agenda: Lessons for the sustainable development goals and the future of global health. Global Public Health, 14(4), 584-599.

Waage J, Cornelsen L, Dangour AD, Green R, Häsler B, Hull E, Johnston D, Kadiyala S, Lock K, Shankar B, et al (2018). Integrating Agriculture and Health Research for Development: LCIRAH as an Interdisciplinary Programme to Address a Global Challenge. Global Challenges, 3(4), 1700104-1700104.

Kadandale S, Marten R, Smith R (2018). The palm oil industry and noncommunicable diseases. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 97(2), 118-128.

Cornelsen L, Smith RD (2018). Viewpoint: Soda taxes – Four questions economists need to address. Food Policy, 74, 138-142.

Cornelson L, Mytton OT, Adams J, Gasparrini A, Iskander D, Knai C, Petticrew M, Scott C, Smith RD, Thompson C, et al (2017). Change in non-alcoholic beverage sales following a 10-pence levy on sugar-sweetened beverages within a national chain of restaurants in the UK: interrupted time series analysis of a natural experiment. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 71(11), 1107-1112.

Walls HL, Cornelsen L, Lock K, Smith RD (2016). How much priority is given to nutrition and health in the EU Common Agricultural Policy?. FOOD POLICY, 59, 12-23. Author URL.

Smith R, Irwin R (2016). Measuring success in global health diplomacy: lessons from marketing food to children in India. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 12 Author URL.

Noree T, Hanefeld J, Smith R (2016). Medical tourism in Thailand: a cross-sectional study. BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 94(1), 30-36. Author URL.

Keogh-Brown MR, Jensen HT, Arrighi HM, Smith RD (2016). The Impact of Alzheimer's Disease on the Chinese Economy. EBIOMEDICINE, 4, 184-190. Author URL.

Walls HL, Vearey J, Modisenyane M, Chetty-Makkan CM, Charalambous S, Smith RD, Hanefeld J (2016). Understanding healthcare and population mobility in southern Africa: the case of South Africa. SAMJ SOUTH AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL, 106(1), 14-15. Author URL.

Sheppard P, Smith R (2016). What students want: using a choice modelling approach to estimate student demand. JOURNAL OF HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY AND MANAGEMENT, 38(2), 140-149. Author URL.

Kinghorn P, Robinson A, Smith RD (2015). Developing a Capability-Based Questionnaire for Assessing Well-Being in Patients with Chronic Pain. SOCIAL INDICATORS RESEARCH, 120(3), 897-916. Author URL.

Coast J, Smith RD (2015). Distributional Considerations in Economic Responses to Antimicrobial Resistance. PUBLIC HEALTH ETHICS, 8(3), 225-237. Author URL.

Hordijk PM, Broekhuizen BDL, Butler CC, Coenen S, Godycki-Cwirko M, Goossens H, Hood K, Smith R, Van Vugt SF, Little P, et al (2015). Illness perception and related behaviour in lower respiratory tract infections-a European study. Family Practice, 32(2), 152-158. Abstract.

Walls HL, Smith RD, Drahos P (2015). Improving regulatory capacity to manage risks associated with trade agreements. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 11 Author URL.

Lunt N, Exworthy M, Hanefeld J, Smith RD (2015). International patients within the NHS: a case of public sector entrepreneurialism. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 124, 338-345. Author URL.

Shemilt I, Marteau TM, Smith RD, Ogilvie D (2015). Use and cumulation of evidence from modelling studies to inform policy on food taxes and subsidies: biting off more than we can chew?. BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, 15 Author URL.

Hanefeld J, Lunt N, Smith R, Horsfall D (2015). Why do medical tourists travel to where they do? the role of networks in determining medical travel. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 124, 356-363. Author URL.

Marten R, Hanefeld J, Smith R (2014). Commission on Global Governance for Health: what about power?. LANCET, 383(9936), 2207-2207. Author URL.

Lunt N, Horsfall D, Smith R, Exworthy M, Hanefeld J, Mannion R (2014). Market size, market share and market strategy: three myths of medical tourism. POLICY AND POLITICS, 42(4), 597-614. Author URL.

Noree T, Hanefeld J, Smith R (2014). UK medical tourists in Thailand: they are not who you think they are. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 10 Author URL.

Hanefeld J, Smith R, Horsfall D, Lunt N (2014). What Do We Know About Medical Tourism? a Review of the Literature with Discussion of its Implications for the UK National Health Service as an Example of a Public Health Care System. JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE, 21(6), 410-417. Author URL.

Cornelsen L, Green R, Dangour A, Smith R (2014). Why fat taxes won't make us thin. Journal of Public Health, 37(1), 18-23.

Smith R, Lagarde M, Blaauw D, Goodman C, English M, Mullei K, Pagaiya N, Tangcharoensathien V, Erasmus E, Hanson K, et al (2013). Appealing to altruism: an alternative strategy to address the health workforce crisis in developing countries?. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 35(1), 164-170. Author URL.

Coenen S, Francis N, Kelly M, Hood K, Nuttall J, Little P, Verheij TJM, Melbye H, Goossens H, Butler CC, et al (2013). Are Patient Views about Antibiotics Related to Clinician Perceptions, Management and Outcome? a Multi-Country Study in Outpatients with Acute Cough. PLoS ONE, 8(10), e76691-e76691.

Lyons NA, Smith RP, Rushton J (2013). Cost-effectiveness of farm interventions for reducing the prevalence of VTEC O157 on UK dairy farms. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION, 141(9), 1905-1919. Author URL.

Oppong R, Jit M, Smith RD, Butler CC, Melbye H, Mölstad S, Coast J (2013). Cost-effectiveness of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing to inform antibiotic prescribing decisions. British Journal of General Practice, 63(612). Abstract.

Ghinai I, Hla TTW, Smith R (2013). Global health priorities and research funding. LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 13(8), 653-653. Author URL.

Chalkidou K, Marten R, Cutler D, Culyer T, Smith R, Teerawattananon Y, Cluzeau F, Li R, Sullivan R, Huang Y, et al (2013). Health technology assessment in universal health coverage. LANCET, 382(9910), E48-E49. Author URL.

Smith RD, Keogh-Brown MR (2013). Macroeconomic impact of pandemic influenza and associated policies in Thailand, South Africa and Uganda. INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES, 7, 64-71. Author URL.

Hanefeld J, Horsfall D, Lunt N, Smith R (2013). Medical Tourism: a Cost or Benefit to the NHS?. PLOS ONE, 8(10). Author URL.

Tusting LS, Willey B, Lucas H, Thompson J, Kafy HT, Smith R, Lindsay SW (2013). Socioeconomic development as an intervention against malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. LANCET, 382(9896), 963-972. Author URL.

Rassy D, Smith RD (2013). The economic impact of H1N1 on Mexico's tourist and pork sectors. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 22(7), 824-834. Author URL.

Oppong R, Kaambwa B, Nuttall J, Hood K, Smith RD, Coast J (2013). The impact of using different tariffs to value EQ-5D health state descriptions: an example from a study of acute cough/lower respiratory tract infections in seven countries. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, 14(2), 197-209. Author URL.

Jensen HT, Keogh-Brown MR, Smith RD, Chalabi Z, Dangour AD, Davies M, Edwards P, Garnett T, Givoni M, Griffiths U, et al (2013). The importance of health co-benefits in macroeconomic assessments of UK Greenhouse Gas emission reduction strategies. CLIMATIC CHANGE, 121(2), 223-237. Author URL.

Liverani M, Waage J, Barnett T, Pfeiffer DU, Rushton J, Rudge JW, Loevinsohn ME, Scoones I, Smith RD, Cooper BS, et al (2013). Understanding and Managing Zoonotic Risk in the New Livestock Industries. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES, 121(8), 873-877. Author URL.

Smith R (2012). Why a Macroeconomic Perspective is Critical to the Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease. SCIENCE, 337(6101), 1501-1503. Author URL.

Oppong R, Kaambwa B, Nuttall J, Hood K, Smith RD, Coast J, Team GS (2011). Assessment of the Construct Validity of the EQ-5D in Patients with Acute Cough/Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE, 6(4), 411-423. Author URL.

Smith RD, Keogh-Brown MR, Barnett T (2011). Estimating the economic impact of pandemic influenza: an application of the computable general equilibrium model to the UK. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 73(2), 235-244. Author URL.

Alvarez MM, Chanda R, Smith RD (2011). How is Telemedicine perceived? a qualitative study of perspectives from the UK and India. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 7 Author URL.

Myint PK, Smith RD, Luben RN, Surtees PG, Wainwright NWJ, Wareham NJ, Khaw K-T (2011). Lifestyle behaviours and quality-adjusted life years in middle and older age. AGE AND AGEING, 40(5), 589-595. Author URL.

Hargreaves JR, Greenwood B, Clift C, Goel A, Roemer-Mahler A, Smith R, Heymann DL (2011). Making new vaccines affordable: a comparison of financing processes used to develop and deploy new meningococcal and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. LANCET, 378(9806), 1885-1893. Author URL.

Oppong R, Coast J, Hood K, Nuttall J, Smith RD, Butler CC (2011). Resource use and costs of treating acute cough/lower respiratory tract infections in 13 European countries: results and challenges. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, 12(4), 319-329. Author URL.

Alvarez MM, Chanda R, Smith RD (2011). The potential for bi-lateral agreements in medical tourism: a qualitative study of stakeholder perspectives from the UK and India. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 7 Author URL.

Donaldson C, Baker R, Mason H, Jones-Lee M, Lancsar E, Wildman J, Bateman I, Loomes G, Robinson A, Sugden R, et al (2011). The social value of a QALY: Raising the bar or barring the raise?. BMC Health Services Research, 11

Background: Since the inception of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in England, there have been questions about the empirical basis for the cost-per-QALY threshold used by NICE and whether QALYs gained by different beneficiaries of health care should be weighted equally. The Social Value of a QALY (SVQ) project, reported in this paper, was commissioned to address these two questions. The results of SVQ were released during a time of considerable debate about the NICE threshold, and authors with differing perspectives have drawn on the SVQ results to support their cases. As these discussions continue, and given the selective use of results by those involved, it is important, therefore, not only to present a summary overview of SVQ, but also for those who conducted the research to contribute to the debate as to its implications for NICE. Discussion. The issue of the threshold was addressed in two ways: first, by combining, via a set of models, the current UK Value of a Prevented Fatality (used in transport policy) with data on fatality age, life expectancy and age-related quality of life; and, second, via a survey designed to test the feasibility of combining respondents' answers to willingness to pay and health state utility questions to arrive at values of a QALY. Modelling resulted in values of £10,000-£70,000 per QALY. Via survey research, most methods of aggregating the data resulted in values of a QALY of £18,000-£40,000, although others resulted in implausibly high values. An additional survey, addressing the issue of weighting QALYs, used two methods, one indicating that QALYs should not be weighted and the other that greater weight could be given to QALYs gained by some groups. Summary. Although we conducted only a feasibility study and a modelling exercise, neither present compelling evidence for moving the NICE threshold up or down. Some preliminary evidence would indicate it could be moved up for some types of QALY and down for others. While many members of the public appear to be open to the possibility of using somewhat different QALY weights for different groups of beneficiaries, we do not yet have any secure evidence base for introducing such a system. © 2011 Donaldson et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Abstract.

Lorgelly PK, Coast J, Smith RD (2010). CONCEPTS OF CAPABILITY AND OVERLOOKED APPLICATIONS. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 100(10), 1823-1824. Author URL.

Lock K, Smith RD, Dangour AD, Brown MK, Pigatto G, Hawkes C, Fisberg RM, Chalabi Z (2010). Chronic Diseases: Chronic Diseases and Development 2 Health, agricultural, and economic effects of adoption of healthy diet recommendations. LANCET, 376(9753), 1699-1709. Author URL.

Smith RD, Sach TH (2010). Contingent valuation: has the debate begun?. HEALTH ECONOMICS POLICY AND LAW, 5(1), 133-134. Author URL.

Smith RD, Petticrew M (2010). Public health evaluation in the twenty-first century: time to see the wood as well as the trees. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 32(1), 2-7. Author URL.

Myint PK, Smith RD, Luben RN, Surtees PG, Wainwright NWJ, Wareham NJ, Bingham SA, Khaw K-T (2010). The Short-Form Six-Dimension utility index predicted mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk prospective population-based study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 63(2), 192-198. Author URL.

Keogh-Brown MR, Smith RD, Edmunds JW, Beutels P (2010). The macroeconomic impact of pandemic influenza: estimates from models of the United Kingdom, France, Belgium and the Netherlands. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, 11(6), 543-554. Author URL.

Baker R, Bateman I, Donaldson C, Jones-Lee M, Lancsar E, Loomes G, Mason H, Odejar M, Pinto Prades JL, Robinson A, et al (2010). Weighting and valuing quality-adjusted life-years using stated preference methods: Preliminary results from the social value of a QALY project. Health Technology Assessment, 14(27).

Objectives: to identify characteristics of beneficiaries of health care over which relative weights should be derived and to estimate relative weights to be attached to health gains according to characteristics of recipients of these gains (relativities study); and to assess the feasibility of estimating a willingness-topay (WTP)-based value of a quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) (valuation study). Design: Two interview-based surveys were administered - one (for the relativities study) to a nationally representative sample of the population in England and the other (for the valuation study) to a smaller convenience sample. Setting: the two surveys were administered by the National Centre for Social Research (NatCen) in respondents' homes. Participants: 587 members of the public were interviewed for the relativities study and 409 for the valuation study. Methods: in the relativities study, in-depth qualitative work and considerations of policy relevance resulted in the identification of age and severity of illness as relevant characteristics. Scenarios reflecting these, along with additional components reflecting gains in QALYs, were presented to respondents in a series of pairwise choices using two types of question: discrete choice and matching. These questions were part of a longer questionnaire (including attitudinal and sociodemographic questions), which was administered face to face using a computer-assisted personal interview. In the valuation study, respondents were asked about their WTP to avoid/prevent different durations of headache or stomach illness and to value these states on a scale (death = 0; full health = 1) using standard gamble (SG) questions. Results: Discrete choice results showed that age and severity variables did not have a strong impact on respondents' choices over and above the health (QALY) gains presented. In contrast, matching showed age and severity impacts to be strong: depending on method of aggregation, gains to some groups were weighted three to four times more highly than gains to others. Results from the WTP and SG questions were combined in different ways to arrive at values of a QALY. These vary from values which are in the vicinity of the current National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) threshold to extremely high values. Conclusions: with respect to relative weights, more research is required to explore methodological differences with respect to age and severity weighting. On valuation, there are particular issues concerning the extent to which 'noise' and 'error' in people's responses might generate extreme and unreliable figures. Methods of aggregation and measures of central tendency were issues in both weighting and valuation procedures and require further exploration. © 2010 Queen's Printer and Controller of HMSO.

Abstract.

Smith RD, Sach TH (2009). CONTINGENT VALUATION: (STILL) ON THE ROAD TO NOWHERE?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 18(8), 863-866. Author URL.

Nabel EG, Stevens S, Smith R (2009). Combating chronic disease in developing countries. LANCET, 373(9680), 2004-2006. Author URL.

Beutels P, Jia N, Zhou Q-Y, Smith R, Cao W-C, de Vlas SJ (2009). The economic impact of SARS in Beijing, China. TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH, 14, 85-91. Author URL.

Smith RD, Keogh-Brown MR, Barnett T, Tait J (2009). The economy-wide impact of pandemic influenza on the UK: a computable general equilibrium modelling experiment. BMJ, 339 Abstract. Author URL.

Smith RD, Chanda R, Tangcharoensathien V (2009). Trade and Health 4 Trade in health-related services. LANCET, 373(9663), 593-601. Author URL.

Smith RD, Correa C, Oh C (2009). Trade and Health 5 Trade, TRIPS, and pharmaceuticals. LANCET, 373(9664), 684-691. Author URL.

Smith RD, Lee K, Drager N (2009). Trade and Health 6 Trade and health: an agenda for action. LANCET, 373(9665), 768-773. Author URL.

Smith RD (2008). Contingent valuation in health care: Does it matter how the 'Good' is described?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 17(5), 607-617. Author URL.

Smith R (2008). Globalization: the key challenge facing health economics in the 21st century. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 17(1), 1-3. Author URL.

Hanson K, Gilson L, Goodman C, Mills A, Smith R, Feachem R, Feachem NS, Koehlmoos TP, Kinlaw H (2008). Is Private Health Care the Answer to the Health Problems of the World's Poor?. PLOS MEDICINE, 5(11), 1528-1532. Author URL.

Beutels P, Edmunds WJ, Smith RD (2008). PARTIALLY WRONG? PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM AND THE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCIES OF INTERNATIONAL CONCERN. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 17(11), 1317-1322. Author URL.

Coast J, Smith R, Lorgelly P (2008). Should the capability approach be applied in health economics?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 17(6), 667-670. Author URL.

Keogh-Brown MR, Smith RD (2008). The economic impact of SARS: How does the reality match the predictions?. HEALTH POLICY, 88(1), 110-120. Author URL.

Coast J, Smith RD, Lorgelly P (2008). Welfarism, extra-welfarism and capability: the spread of ideas in health economics. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 67(7), 1190-1198. Author URL.

Schroter S, Black N, Evans S, Godlee F, Osorio L, Smith R (2008). What errors do peer reviewers detect, and does training improve their ability to detect them?. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE, 101(10), 507-514. Author URL.

Sach TH, Smith RD, Whynes DK (2007). A 'league table' of contingent valuation results for pharmaceutical interventions a hard pill to swallow?. PHARMACOECONOMICS, 25(2), 107-127. Author URL.

Holland R, Brooksby L, Lenaghan E, Ashton K, Hay L, Smith R, Shepstone L, Lipp A, Daly C, Howe A, et al (2007). Effectiveness of visits from community pharmacists for patients with heart failure: HeartMed randomised controlled trial. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 334(7603), 1098-1101. Author URL.

Myint PK, Welch AA, Bingham SA, Surtees PG, Wainwright NWJ, Luben RN, Wareham NJ, Smith RD, Harvey IM, Day NE, et al (2007). Fruit and vegetable consumption and self-reported functional health in men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk): a population-based cross-sectional study. PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION, 10(1), 34-41. Author URL.

Smith RD, MacKellar L (2007). Global public goods and the global health agenda: problems, priorities and potential. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 3 Author URL.

Pacini M, Smith RD, Wilson ECF, Holland R (2007). Home-based medication review in older people - is it cost effective?. PHARMACOECONOMICS, 25(2), 171-180. Author URL.

Myint PK, Surtees PG, Wainwright NWJ, Wareham NJ, Bingham SA, Luben RN, Welch AA, Smith RD, Harvey IM, Khaw K-T, et al (2007). Modifiable lifestyle behaviors and functional health in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk population study. PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, 44(2), 109-116. Author URL.

Whynes DK, Frew EJ, Philips ZN, Covey J, Smith RD (2007). On the numerical forms of contingent valuation responses. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC PSYCHOLOGY, 28(4), 462-476. Author URL.

Sadique MZ, Edmunds WJ, Smith RD, Meerding WJ, de Zwart O, Brug J, Beutels P (2007). Precautionary behavior in response to perceived threat of pandemic influenza. EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 13(9), 1307-1313. Author URL.

Myint PK, Luben RN, Surtees PG, Wainwright NWJ, Welch AA, Bingham SA, Wareham NJ, Smith RD, Harvey IM, Khaw K-T, et al (2007). Self-reported mental health-related quality of life and mortality in men and women in the European prospective investigation into cancer (EPIC-Norfolk): a prospective population study. PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE, 69(5), 410-414. Author URL.

Smith RD (2007). The relationship between reliability and size of willingness-to-pay values: a qualitative insight. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 16(2), 211-216. Author URL.

Smith RD (2007). The role of 'reference goods' in contingent valuation: Should we help respondents to 'construct' their willingness to pay?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 16(12), 1319-1332. Author URL.

Yeung RYT, Smith RD, Ho L-M, Johnston JM, Leung GM (2006). Empirical implications of response acquiescence in discrete-choice contingent valuation. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 15(10), 1077-1089. Author URL.

Covey J, Smith RD (2006). How common is the 'prominence effect'? Additional evidence to Whynes et al. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 15(2), 205-210. Author URL.

Smith RD (2006). It's not just what you do, it's the way that you do it: the effect of different payment card formats and survey administration on willingness to pay for health gain. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 15(3), 281-293. Author URL.

Smith R (2006). Measuring the globalization of health services: a possible index of openness of country health sectors to trade. HEALTH ECONOMICS POLICY AND LAW, 1(4), 323-342. Author URL.

Myint PK, Welch AA, Luben RN, Wainwright NWJ, Surtees PG, Bingham SA, Wareham NJ, Smith RD, Harvey IM, Khaw K-T, et al (2006). Obesity indices and self-reported functional health in men and women in the EPIC-Norfolk. OBESITY, 14(5), 884-893. Author URL.

Smith R, Roberts I (2006). Patient safety requires a new way to publish clinical trials. PLOS CLINICAL TRIALS, 1(1). Author URL.

Barrett A, Roques T, Small M, Smith RD (2006). Rationing - How much will Herceptin really cost?. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 333(7578), 1118-1120A. Author URL.

Smith RD (2006). Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception, communication and management. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 63(12), 3113-3123. Author URL.

Smith RD (2006). Trade and public health: facing the challenges of globalisation. JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH, 60(8), 650-651. Author URL.

Holland R, Smith R, Harvey I (2006). Where now for pharmacist led medication review?. JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH, 60(2), 92-93. Author URL.

Smith RD, Yago M, Millar M, Coast J (2005). Assessing the macroeconomic impact of a healthcare problem: the application of computable general equilibrium analysis to antimicrobial resistance. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, 24(6), 1055-1075. Author URL.

Smith RD, Richardson J (2005). Can we estimate the 'social' value of a QALY? Four core issues to resolve. HEALTH POLICY, 74(1), 77-84. Author URL.

Holland R, Lenaghan E, Harvey I, Smith R, Shepstone L, Lipp A, Christou M, Evans D, Hand C (2005). Does home based medication review keep older people out of hospital? the HOMER randomised controlled trial. BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 330(7486), 293-295. Author URL.

Smith RD (2005). Sensitivity to scale in contingent valuation: the importance of the budget constraint. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, 24(3), 515-529. Author URL.

Smith R, Woodward D, Acharya A, Beaglehole R, Drager N (2004). Communicable disease control: a 'Global Public Good' perspective. HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING, 19(5), 271-278. Author URL.

Raithatha N, Smith RD (2004). Disclosure of genetic tests for health insurance: is it ethical not to?. LANCET, 363(9406), 395-396. Author URL.

Smith RD (2004). Foreign direct investment and trade in health services: a review of the literature. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 59(11), 2313-2323. Author URL.

Smith RD, Thorsteinsdottir H, Daar AS, Gold ER, Singer PA (2004). Genomics knowledge and equity: a global public goods perspective of the patent system. BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 82(5), 385-389. Author URL.

Raithatha N, Smith RD (2004). Paying for statins. BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 328(7436), 400-402. Author URL.

Smith RD (2003). Construction of the contingent valuation market in health care: a critical assessment. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 12(8), 609-628. Author URL.

Thorsteinsdottir H, Daar AS, Smith RD, Singer PA (2003). Genomics - a global public good?. LANCET, 361(9361), 891-892. Author URL.

Smith RD (2003). Global public goods and health. BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 81(7), 475-475. Author URL.

Coast J, Smith RD (2003). Solving the problem of antimicrobial resistance: is a global approach necessary?. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY, 8(1), 1-2. Author URL.

Smith RD, Coast J (2002). Antimicrobial resistance: a global response. BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 80(2), 126-133. Author URL.

Coast J, Smith R, Karcher AM, Wilton P, Millar M (2002). Superbugs II: How should economic evaluation be conducted for interventions which aim to contain antimicrobial resistance?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 11(7), 637-647. Author URL.

Wilton P, Smith RD, Coast J, Millar M, Karcher A (2001). Directly observed treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an economic evaluation in the United States of America and South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE, 5(12), 1137-1142. Author URL.

Smith RD (2001). The relative willingness-to-pay and time-trade-off to changes in health status: an empirical investigation. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 10(6), 487-497. Author URL.

Olsen JA, Smith RD (2001). Theory versus practice: a review of 'willingness-to-pay' in health and health care. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 10(1), 39-52. Author URL.

Conferences

Miron-Shatz T, Muehlhauser I, Bower B, Diefenbach M, Goldacre B, Smith RSW, Spiegelhalter D, Wegwarth O (2011). Barriers to Health Information and Building Solutions. Author URL.

Keogh P, Jessiman P, Smith R, Wollny I, Sorhaindo A, Bonnell C (2011). THE TRIBULATIONS OF a TRIAL: EVALUATING THE TEENS AND TODDLERS TEENAGE PREGNANCY PROGRAMME. Author URL.

Holland R, Smith RD, Harvey I, Swift L, Lenaghan E (2004). Assessing quality of life in the elderly: a direct comparison of the EQ-5D and AQoL. Author URL.

Yeung RYT, Smith RD, McGhee SM (2003). Willingness to pay and size of health benefit: an integrated model to test for 'sensitivity to scale'. Author URL.

Publications by year

2022

2021

Abstract.

Robinson E, Marty L, Jones A, White M, Smith R, Adams J (2021). Will calorie labels for food and drink served outside the home improve public health?. BMJ, 372 Author URL.

2020

Abstract.

Berger N, Cummins S, Allen A, Smith RD, Cornelsen L (2020). Patterns of beverage purchases amongst British households: a latent class analysis. PLoS Medicine, 17(9).

Abstract.

Law C, Cornelsen L, Adams J, Pell D, Rutter H, White M, Smith R (2020). The impact of UK soft drinks industry levy on manufacturers' domestic turnover. Econ Hum Biol, 37 Abstract. Author URL.

White M, Aguirre E, Finegood DT, Holmes C, Sacks G, Smith R (2020). What role should the commercial food system play in promoting health through better diet?. BMJ, 368 Abstract. Author URL.

2019

Cuevas García-Dorado S, Cornselsen L, Smith R, Walls H (2019). Economic globalization, nutrition and health: a review of quantitative evidence. Globalization and Health, 15(1).

Hanefeld J, Smith R (2019). Is the NHS really “off the table” in post-Brexit talks with the US?. BMJ, l6898-l6898.

Abstract.

Hanefeld J, Smith R (2019). The upside of trade in health services. BMJ, l2208-l2208.

2018

Kadandale S, Marten R, Smith R (2018). The palm oil industry and noncommunicable diseases. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 97(2), 118-128.

Cornelsen L, Smith RD (2018). Viewpoint: Soda taxes – Four questions economists need to address. Food Policy, 74, 138-142.

2017

2016

Walls HL, Cornelsen L, Lock K, Smith RD (2016). How much priority is given to nutrition and health in the EU Common Agricultural Policy?. FOOD POLICY, 59, 12-23. Author URL.

Smith R, Irwin R (2016). Measuring success in global health diplomacy: lessons from marketing food to children in India. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 12 Author URL.

Noree T, Hanefeld J, Smith R (2016). Medical tourism in Thailand: a cross-sectional study. BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 94(1), 30-36. Author URL.

Keogh-Brown MR, Jensen HT, Arrighi HM, Smith RD (2016). The Impact of Alzheimer's Disease on the Chinese Economy. EBIOMEDICINE, 4, 184-190. Author URL.

Sheppard P, Smith R (2016). What students want: using a choice modelling approach to estimate student demand. JOURNAL OF HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY AND MANAGEMENT, 38(2), 140-149. Author URL.

2015

Coast J, Smith RD (2015). Distributional Considerations in Economic Responses to Antimicrobial Resistance. PUBLIC HEALTH ETHICS, 8(3), 225-237. Author URL.

Walls HL, Smith RD, Drahos P (2015). Improving regulatory capacity to manage risks associated with trade agreements. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 11 Author URL.

Lunt N, Exworthy M, Hanefeld J, Smith RD (2015). International patients within the NHS: a case of public sector entrepreneurialism. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 124, 338-345. Author URL.

2014

Marten R, Hanefeld J, Smith R (2014). Commission on Global Governance for Health: what about power?. LANCET, 383(9936), 2207-2207. Author URL.

Noree T, Hanefeld J, Smith R (2014). UK medical tourists in Thailand: they are not who you think they are. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 10 Author URL.

Cornelsen L, Green R, Dangour A, Smith R (2014). Why fat taxes won't make us thin. Journal of Public Health, 37(1), 18-23.

2013

Ghinai I, Hla TTW, Smith R (2013). Global health priorities and research funding. LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 13(8), 653-653. Author URL.

Hanefeld J, Horsfall D, Lunt N, Smith R (2013). Medical Tourism: a Cost or Benefit to the NHS?. PLOS ONE, 8(10). Author URL.

Rassy D, Smith RD (2013). The economic impact of H1N1 on Mexico's tourist and pork sectors. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 22(7), 824-834. Author URL.

2012

Smith R (2012). Why a Macroeconomic Perspective is Critical to the Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease. SCIENCE, 337(6101), 1501-1503. Author URL.

2011

Miron-Shatz T, Muehlhauser I, Bower B, Diefenbach M, Goldacre B, Smith RSW, Spiegelhalter D, Wegwarth O (2011). Barriers to Health Information and Building Solutions. Author URL.

Alvarez MM, Chanda R, Smith RD (2011). How is Telemedicine perceived? a qualitative study of perspectives from the UK and India. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 7 Author URL.

Keogh P, Jessiman P, Smith R, Wollny I, Sorhaindo A, Bonnell C (2011). THE TRIBULATIONS OF a TRIAL: EVALUATING THE TEENS AND TODDLERS TEENAGE PREGNANCY PROGRAMME. Author URL.

Abstract.

2010

Lorgelly PK, Coast J, Smith RD (2010). CONCEPTS OF CAPABILITY AND OVERLOOKED APPLICATIONS. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 100(10), 1823-1824. Author URL.

Smith RD, Sach TH (2010). Contingent valuation: has the debate begun?. HEALTH ECONOMICS POLICY AND LAW, 5(1), 133-134. Author URL.

Smith RD, Petticrew M (2010). Public health evaluation in the twenty-first century: time to see the wood as well as the trees. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 32(1), 2-7. Author URL.

Abstract.

2009

Smith RD, Sach TH (2009). CONTINGENT VALUATION: (STILL) ON THE ROAD TO NOWHERE?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 18(8), 863-866. Author URL.

Nabel EG, Stevens S, Smith R (2009). Combating chronic disease in developing countries. LANCET, 373(9680), 2004-2006. Author URL.

Beutels P, Jia N, Zhou Q-Y, Smith R, Cao W-C, de Vlas SJ (2009). The economic impact of SARS in Beijing, China. TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH, 14, 85-91. Author URL.

Smith RD, Chanda R, Tangcharoensathien V (2009). Trade and Health 4 Trade in health-related services. LANCET, 373(9663), 593-601. Author URL.

Smith RD, Correa C, Oh C (2009). Trade and Health 5 Trade, TRIPS, and pharmaceuticals. LANCET, 373(9664), 684-691. Author URL.

Smith RD, Lee K, Drager N (2009). Trade and Health 6 Trade and health: an agenda for action. LANCET, 373(9665), 768-773. Author URL.

2008

Smith RD (2008). Contingent valuation in health care: Does it matter how the 'Good' is described?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 17(5), 607-617. Author URL.

Smith R (2008). Globalization: the key challenge facing health economics in the 21st century. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 17(1), 1-3. Author URL.

Coast J, Smith R, Lorgelly P (2008). Should the capability approach be applied in health economics?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 17(6), 667-670. Author URL.

Keogh-Brown MR, Smith RD (2008). The economic impact of SARS: How does the reality match the predictions?. HEALTH POLICY, 88(1), 110-120. Author URL.

Coast J, Smith RD, Lorgelly P (2008). Welfarism, extra-welfarism and capability: the spread of ideas in health economics. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 67(7), 1190-1198. Author URL.

2007

Sach TH, Smith RD, Whynes DK (2007). A 'league table' of contingent valuation results for pharmaceutical interventions a hard pill to swallow?. PHARMACOECONOMICS, 25(2), 107-127. Author URL.

Smith RD, MacKellar L (2007). Global public goods and the global health agenda: problems, priorities and potential. GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH, 3 Author URL.

Pacini M, Smith RD, Wilson ECF, Holland R (2007). Home-based medication review in older people - is it cost effective?. PHARMACOECONOMICS, 25(2), 171-180. Author URL.

Whynes DK, Frew EJ, Philips ZN, Covey J, Smith RD (2007). On the numerical forms of contingent valuation responses. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC PSYCHOLOGY, 28(4), 462-476. Author URL.

Smith RD (2007). The relationship between reliability and size of willingness-to-pay values: a qualitative insight. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 16(2), 211-216. Author URL.

Smith RD (2007). The role of 'reference goods' in contingent valuation: Should we help respondents to 'construct' their willingness to pay?. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 16(12), 1319-1332. Author URL.

2006

Covey J, Smith RD (2006). How common is the 'prominence effect'? Additional evidence to Whynes et al. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 15(2), 205-210. Author URL.

Smith R (2006). Measuring the globalization of health services: a possible index of openness of country health sectors to trade. HEALTH ECONOMICS POLICY AND LAW, 1(4), 323-342. Author URL.

Smith R, Roberts I (2006). Patient safety requires a new way to publish clinical trials. PLOS CLINICAL TRIALS, 1(1). Author URL.

Barrett A, Roques T, Small M, Smith RD (2006). Rationing - How much will Herceptin really cost?. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 333(7578), 1118-1120A. Author URL.

Smith RD (2006). Trade and public health: facing the challenges of globalisation. JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH, 60(8), 650-651. Author URL.

Holland R, Smith R, Harvey I (2006). Where now for pharmacist led medication review?. JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH, 60(2), 92-93. Author URL.

2005

Smith RD, Richardson J (2005). Can we estimate the 'social' value of a QALY? Four core issues to resolve. HEALTH POLICY, 74(1), 77-84. Author URL.

Smith RD (2005). Sensitivity to scale in contingent valuation: the importance of the budget constraint. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, 24(3), 515-529. Author URL.

2004

Holland R, Smith RD, Harvey I, Swift L, Lenaghan E (2004). Assessing quality of life in the elderly: a direct comparison of the EQ-5D and AQoL. Author URL.

Smith R, Woodward D, Acharya A, Beaglehole R, Drager N (2004). Communicable disease control: a 'Global Public Good' perspective. HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING, 19(5), 271-278. Author URL.

Raithatha N, Smith RD (2004). Disclosure of genetic tests for health insurance: is it ethical not to?. LANCET, 363(9406), 395-396. Author URL.

Smith RD (2004). Foreign direct investment and trade in health services: a review of the literature. SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, 59(11), 2313-2323. Author URL.

Raithatha N, Smith RD (2004). Paying for statins. BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 328(7436), 400-402. Author URL.

2003

Smith RD (2003). Construction of the contingent valuation market in health care: a critical assessment. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 12(8), 609-628. Author URL.

Thorsteinsdottir H, Daar AS, Smith RD, Singer PA (2003). Genomics - a global public good?. LANCET, 361(9361), 891-892. Author URL.

Smith RD (2003). Global public goods and health. BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 81(7), 475-475. Author URL.

Coast J, Smith RD (2003). Solving the problem of antimicrobial resistance: is a global approach necessary?. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY, 8(1), 1-2. Author URL.

Yeung RYT, Smith RD, McGhee SM (2003). Willingness to pay and size of health benefit: an integrated model to test for 'sensitivity to scale'. Author URL.

2002

Smith RD, Coast J (2002). Antimicrobial resistance: a global response. BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 80(2), 126-133. Author URL.

2001

Smith RD (2001). The relative willingness-to-pay and time-trade-off to changes in health status: an empirical investigation. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 10(6), 487-497. Author URL.

Olsen JA, Smith RD (2001). Theory versus practice: a review of 'willingness-to-pay' in health and health care. HEALTH ECONOMICS, 10(1), 39-52. Author URL.

Richard_Smith Details from cache as at 2023-06-06 02:11:16

Refresh publications

External Engagement and Impact

Committee/panel activities

Member, Executive Board, International Health Economics Association

Editorial responsibilities

Senior Editor (economics), Social Science & Medicine

External Examiner Positions

MSc International Health Policy (Health Economics), London School of Economics and Political Science

External positions

Non-Executive Director, South West Academic Health Science Network
Member, Executive Board, School for Public Health Research 2021-2026.
Member, Independent Scientific Advisory Board of the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Modelling and Health Economics (UKHSA, Imperial College and LSHTM), 2022-date

Teaching

Supervision / Group

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Profile

Professor Richard Smith

Professor of Health Economics and Deputy Vice Chancellor for Strategy Integration and Resources

Overview

Qualifications

Research

Publications

Publications by category

Journal articles

Abstract:Combined carbon and health taxes outperform single-purpose information or fiscal measures in designing sustainable food policies

Abstract:Exploring the potential impact of the proposed UK TV and online food advertising regulations: a concept mapping study

Abstract:Single-use Plastic and COVID-19 in the NHS: Barriers and Opportunities

Abstract:Have socio-economic inequalities in sugar purchasing widened? a longitudinal analysis of food and beverage consumer data from British households, 2014-2017

Abstract:Rational policymaking during a pandemic

Abstract:The political economy of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Latin America: lessons from Mexico, Chile and Colombia

Abstract:An analysis of the stock market reaction to the announcements of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy

Abstract:Anticipatory changes in British household purchases of soft drinks associated with the announcement of the Soft Drinks Industry Levy: a controlled interrupted time series analysis

Abstract:Between preferences and references: Asymmetric price elasticities and the simulation of fiscal policies

Abstract:Corporate power and the international trade regime preventing progressive policy action on non-communicable diseases: a realist review

Abstract:Framing and signalling effects of taxes on sugary drinks: a discrete choice experiment among households in Great Britain

Abstract:Integrating economic and health evidence to inform Covid-19 policy in low- and middle- income countries

Abstract:Is the rise of crowdfunding for medical expenses in the United Kingdom symptomatic of systemic gaps in health and social care?

Abstract:Patterns of beverage purchases amongst British households: a latent class analysis

Abstract:Reducing consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages through banning price promotions: What is the evidence and will it work?

Abstract:The impact of Covid-19, associated behaviours and policies on the UK economy: a computable general equilibrium model

Abstract:The impact of UK soft drinks industry levy on manufacturers' domestic turnover.

Abstract:What role should the commercial food system play in promoting health through better diet?

Abstract:A Systems Thinking Approach to Inform Coherent Policy Action for NCD Prevention Comment on "How Neoliberalism is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention"

Abstract:Exploring the Use of a General Equilibrium Method to Assess the Value of a Malaria Vaccine: an Application to Ghana

Abstract:Potential impact on prevalence of obesity in the UK of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks: modelling study

Abstract:Recent trends in energy and nutrient content of take-home food and beverage purchases in Great Britain: an analysis of 225 million food and beverage purchases over 6 years

Abstract:The challenge of antimicrobial resistance: What economics can contribute.

Abstract:Achieving universal health coverage in small island states: could importing health services provide a solution?

Abstract:Effect of increasing the price of sugar-sweetened beverages on alcoholic beverage purchases: an economic analysis of sales data

Abstract:Illness perception and related behaviour in lower respiratory tract infections-a European study

Abstract:Cost-effectiveness of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing to inform antibiotic prescribing decisions

Abstract:The social value of a QALY: Raising the bar or barring the raise?

Abstract:Weighting and valuing quality-adjusted life-years using stated preference methods: Preliminary results from the social value of a QALY project

Abstract:The economy-wide impact of pandemic influenza on the UK: a computable general equilibrium modelling experiment.

Conferences

Publications by year

2022

Abstract:Combined carbon and health taxes outperform single-purpose information or fiscal measures in designing sustainable food policies

Abstract:Exploring the potential impact of the proposed UK TV and online food advertising regulations: a concept mapping study

Abstract:Single-use Plastic and COVID-19 in the NHS: Barriers and Opportunities

2021

Abstract:Have socio-economic inequalities in sugar purchasing widened? a longitudinal analysis of food and beverage consumer data from British households, 2014-2017

Abstract:Rational policymaking during a pandemic

Abstract:The political economy of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Latin America: lessons from Mexico, Chile and Colombia

2020

Abstract:An analysis of the stock market reaction to the announcements of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy

Abstract:Anticipatory changes in British household purchases of soft drinks associated with the announcement of the Soft Drinks Industry Levy: a controlled interrupted time series analysis

Abstract:Between preferences and references: Asymmetric price elasticities and the simulation of fiscal policies

Abstract:Corporate power and the international trade regime preventing progressive policy action on non-communicable diseases: a realist review

Abstract:Framing and signalling effects of taxes on sugary drinks: a discrete choice experiment among households in Great Britain

Abstract:Integrating economic and health evidence to inform Covid-19 policy in low- and middle- income countries

Abstract:Is the rise of crowdfunding for medical expenses in the United Kingdom symptomatic of systemic gaps in health and social care?

Abstract:Patterns of beverage purchases amongst British households: a latent class analysis

Abstract:Reducing consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages through banning price promotions: What is the evidence and will it work?

Abstract:The impact of Covid-19, associated behaviours and policies on the UK economy: a computable general equilibrium model

Abstract:The impact of UK soft drinks industry levy on manufacturers' domestic turnover.

Abstract:What role should the commercial food system play in promoting health through better diet?

2019

Abstract:A Systems Thinking Approach to Inform Coherent Policy Action for NCD Prevention Comment on "How Neoliberalism is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention"

Abstract:Exploring the Use of a General Equilibrium Method to Assess the Value of a Malaria Vaccine: an Application to Ghana

Abstract:Potential impact on prevalence of obesity in the UK of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks: modelling study

Abstract:Recent trends in energy and nutrient content of take-home food and beverage purchases in Great Britain: an analysis of 225 million food and beverage purchases over 6 years

Abstract:The challenge of antimicrobial resistance: What economics can contribute.

2018

Abstract:Achieving universal health coverage in small island states: could importing health services provide a solution?

Abstract:Effect of increasing the price of sugar-sweetened beverages on alcoholic beverage purchases: an economic analysis of sales data

2017

2016

2015

Abstract:Illness perception and related behaviour in lower respiratory tract infections-a European study

2014

2013

Abstract:Cost-effectiveness of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing to inform antibiotic prescribing decisions

2012

2011

Abstract:
Combined carbon and health taxes outperform single-purpose information or fiscal measures in designing sustainable food policies

Abstract:
Exploring the potential impact of the proposed UK TV and online food advertising regulations: a concept mapping study

Abstract:
Single-use Plastic and COVID-19 in the NHS: Barriers and Opportunities

Abstract:
Have socio-economic inequalities in sugar purchasing widened? a longitudinal analysis of food and beverage consumer data from British households, 2014-2017

Abstract:
Rational policymaking during a pandemic

Abstract:
The political economy of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Latin America: lessons from Mexico, Chile and Colombia

Abstract:
An analysis of the stock market reaction to the announcements of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy

Abstract:
Anticipatory changes in British household purchases of soft drinks associated with the announcement of the Soft Drinks Industry Levy: a controlled interrupted time series analysis

Abstract:
Between preferences and references: Asymmetric price elasticities and the simulation of fiscal policies

Abstract:
Corporate power and the international trade regime preventing progressive policy action on non-communicable diseases: a realist review

Abstract:
Framing and signalling effects of taxes on sugary drinks: a discrete choice experiment among households in Great Britain

Abstract:
Integrating economic and health evidence to inform Covid-19 policy in low- and middle- income countries

Abstract:
Is the rise of crowdfunding for medical expenses in the United Kingdom symptomatic of systemic gaps in health and social care?

Abstract:
Patterns of beverage purchases amongst British households: a latent class analysis

Abstract:
Reducing consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages through banning price promotions: What is the evidence and will it work?

Abstract:
The impact of Covid-19, associated behaviours and policies on the UK economy: a computable general equilibrium model

Abstract:
The impact of UK soft drinks industry levy on manufacturers' domestic turnover.

Abstract:
What role should the commercial food system play in promoting health through better diet?

Abstract:
A Systems Thinking Approach to Inform Coherent Policy Action for NCD Prevention Comment on "How Neoliberalism is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention"

Abstract:
Exploring the Use of a General Equilibrium Method to Assess the Value of a Malaria Vaccine: an Application to Ghana

Abstract:
Potential impact on prevalence of obesity in the UK of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks: modelling study

Abstract:
Recent trends in energy and nutrient content of take-home food and beverage purchases in Great Britain: an analysis of 225 million food and beverage purchases over 6 years

Abstract:
The challenge of antimicrobial resistance: What economics can contribute.

Abstract:
Achieving universal health coverage in small island states: could importing health services provide a solution?

Abstract:
Effect of increasing the price of sugar-sweetened beverages on alcoholic beverage purchases: an economic analysis of sales data

Abstract:
Illness perception and related behaviour in lower respiratory tract infections-a European study

Abstract:
Cost-effectiveness of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing to inform antibiotic prescribing decisions

Abstract:
The social value of a QALY: Raising the bar or barring the raise?

Abstract:
Weighting and valuing quality-adjusted life-years using stated preference methods: Preliminary results from the social value of a QALY project

Abstract:
The economy-wide impact of pandemic influenza on the UK: a computable general equilibrium modelling experiment.

Abstract:
Combined carbon and health taxes outperform single-purpose information or fiscal measures in designing sustainable food policies

Abstract:
Exploring the potential impact of the proposed UK TV and online food advertising regulations: a concept mapping study

Abstract:
Single-use Plastic and COVID-19 in the NHS: Barriers and Opportunities

Abstract:
Have socio-economic inequalities in sugar purchasing widened? a longitudinal analysis of food and beverage consumer data from British households, 2014-2017

Abstract:
Rational policymaking during a pandemic

Abstract:
The political economy of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Latin America: lessons from Mexico, Chile and Colombia

Abstract:
An analysis of the stock market reaction to the announcements of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy

Abstract:
Anticipatory changes in British household purchases of soft drinks associated with the announcement of the Soft Drinks Industry Levy: a controlled interrupted time series analysis

Abstract:
Between preferences and references: Asymmetric price elasticities and the simulation of fiscal policies

Abstract:
Corporate power and the international trade regime preventing progressive policy action on non-communicable diseases: a realist review

Abstract:
Framing and signalling effects of taxes on sugary drinks: a discrete choice experiment among households in Great Britain

Abstract:
Integrating economic and health evidence to inform Covid-19 policy in low- and middle- income countries

Abstract:
Is the rise of crowdfunding for medical expenses in the United Kingdom symptomatic of systemic gaps in health and social care?

Abstract:
Patterns of beverage purchases amongst British households: a latent class analysis

Abstract:
Reducing consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages through banning price promotions: What is the evidence and will it work?

Abstract:
The impact of Covid-19, associated behaviours and policies on the UK economy: a computable general equilibrium model

Abstract:
The impact of UK soft drinks industry levy on manufacturers' domestic turnover.

Abstract:
What role should the commercial food system play in promoting health through better diet?

Abstract:
A Systems Thinking Approach to Inform Coherent Policy Action for NCD Prevention Comment on "How Neoliberalism is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention"

Abstract:
Exploring the Use of a General Equilibrium Method to Assess the Value of a Malaria Vaccine: an Application to Ghana

Abstract:
Potential impact on prevalence of obesity in the UK of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks: modelling study

Abstract:
Recent trends in energy and nutrient content of take-home food and beverage purchases in Great Britain: an analysis of 225 million food and beverage purchases over 6 years

Abstract:
The challenge of antimicrobial resistance: What economics can contribute.

Abstract:
Achieving universal health coverage in small island states: could importing health services provide a solution?

Abstract:
Effect of increasing the price of sugar-sweetened beverages on alcoholic beverage purchases: an economic analysis of sales data

Abstract:
Illness perception and related behaviour in lower respiratory tract infections-a European study

Abstract:
Cost-effectiveness of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing to inform antibiotic prescribing decisions

Abstract:
The social value of a QALY: Raising the bar or barring the raise?

Abstract:
Weighting and valuing quality-adjusted life-years using stated preference methods: Preliminary results from the social value of a QALY project

Abstract:
The economy-wide impact of pandemic influenza on the UK: a computable general equilibrium modelling experiment.