Publications by category
Journal articles
Kiff F, Shaw N, Orr N, Rizzo AJ, Chollet A, Young H, Rigby E, Hagell A, Berry V, Bonell C, et al (2022). Systematic Review of the Economics of School-Based Interventions for Dating Violence and Gender-Based Violence.
Health Educ BehavAbstract:
Systematic Review of the Economics of School-Based Interventions for Dating Violence and Gender-Based Violence.
Dating and relationship violence (DRV) and gender-based violence (GBV) among children and young people incur a high cost to individuals and society. School-based interventions present an opportunity to prevent DRV and GBV early in individuals' lives. However, with school resources under pressure, policymakers require guidance on the economics of implementing interventions. As part of a large systematic review funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), we searched for economic evaluations and costing studies of school-based interventions for DRV and GBV. No formal economic evaluations were identified. Seven studies reporting costs, cost savings, or resource use for eight interventions were identified. The largest costs of implementing interventions were related to staff training and salaries but savings could be made by implementing interventions on a large scale. The potential cost savings of avoided DRV and GBV far outweighed the costs of implementation.
Abstract.
Author URL.
Farmer C, Bullement A, Packman D, Long L, Robinson S, Nikram E, Hatswell AJ, Melendez-Torres GJ, Crathorne L (2020). Voretigene Neparvovec for Treating Inherited Retinal Dystrophies Caused by RPE65 Gene Mutations: an Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal.
Pharmacoeconomics,
38(12), 1309-1318.
Abstract:
Voretigene Neparvovec for Treating Inherited Retinal Dystrophies Caused by RPE65 Gene Mutations: an Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal.
The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) considered evidence for voretigene neparvovec (VN; Luxturna®) for the treatment of RPE65-mediated inherited retinal dystrophies (IRD) within its highly specialised technology programme. This paper summarises the evidence provided by the company; the appraisal of the evidence by the Peninsula Technology Appraisal Group, who were commissioned to act as the independent evidence review group (ERG); and the development of the NICE guidance by the appraisal committee. The evidence presented by the company highlighted the significant lifelong burden of IRD for patients and carers. Evidence to support the effectiveness of VN was lacking, but the available evidence showed a modest, sustained improvement across a variety of vision-related outcomes. While patients would remain visually impaired, the committee considered that VN would prevent further deterioration in vision. The modelling approach used by the company had a number of limitations and relied heavily upon a large volume of clinical expert input to produce cost-effectiveness estimates with large uncertainty around long-term effectiveness. The ERG's main concerns revolved around these long-term outcomes and the plausibility of utility values. The NICE committee were convinced that the clinical benefits of VN were important and an appropriate use of national health service resources within a specialised service. The committee concluded that a high unmet need existed in patients with RPE65-mediated IRD and that VN represents a step change in the management of this condition.
Abstract.
Author URL.
Park S, Greenberg P, Yucel A, Farmer C, O'Neill F, Brandao CDO, Fenaux P (2019). Clinical effectiveness and safety of erythropoietin-stimulating agents for the treatment of low- and intermediate-1-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: a systematic literature review.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY,
184(2), 134-160.
Author URL.
Deitelzweig S, Farmer C, Luo X, Li X, Vo L, Mardekian J, Fahrbach K, Ashaye A (2018). Comparison of major bleeding risk in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation receiving direct oral anticoagulants in the real-world setting: a network meta-analysis.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION,
34(3), 487-498.
Author URL.
Sarri G, Bhor M, Abogunrin S, Farmer C, Nandal S, Halloway R, Revicki DA (2018). Systematic literature review and assessment of patient-reported outcome instruments in sickle cell disease.
HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES,
16 Author URL.
Deitelzweig S, Farmer C, Luo X, Vo L, Li X, Hamilton M, Horblyuk R, Ashaye A (2017). Risk of major bleeding in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with oral anticoagulants: a systematic review of real-world observational studies.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION,
33(9), 1583-1594.
Author URL.
Farmer C, Fenu E, O'Flynn N, Guthrie B (2016). GUIDELINES Clinical assessment and management of multimorbidity: summary of NICE guidance.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL,
354 Author URL.
Farmer C, Farrand P, O'Mahen H (2012). 'I am not a depressed person': how identity conflict affects help-seeking rates for major depressive disorder.
BMC Psychiatry,
12Abstract:
'I am not a depressed person': how identity conflict affects help-seeking rates for major depressive disorder.
BACKGROUND: There is a significant treatment gap for patients with depression. A third of sufferers never seek help, and the vast majority of those who do only do so after considerable delay. Little is understood regarding poor help-seeking rates amongst people with depression, with existing research mainly focussed on the impact of barriers to treatment. The current study explored psychological factors affecting help-seeking behaviour in clinically depressed individuals. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 current or previously clinically depressed participants who either had or had not sought professional help. Thematic analysis was used to analyse results. RESULTS: the onset of depressive symptoms created conflict with participants' identity and personal goals. Delays in seeking help were primarily attributed to the desire to protect identity and goals from the threat of depressive symptoms. Participants used avoidance strategies to reduce the perceived threat of depressive symptoms on identity. These strategies interfered with help-seeking. Help-seeking was only undertaken once participants reached a point of acceptance and began to make concessions in their identity and goals, at which time they reduced their use of avoidance. CONCLUSIONS: Difficulties resolving conflict between identity and depressive symptoms may account for significant delays in seeking help for depression. The results have implications for predicting health behaviour and improving treatment uptake for depression, and may inform existing help-seeking models.
Abstract.
Author URL.
Conferences
Sarri G, Bhor M, Abogunrin S, Farmer C, Nandal S, Revicki DA (2017). A Systematic Literature Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Instruments Used in Sickle Cell Disease.
Author URL.
Reports
Farmer C (2019). Voretigene neparvovec for inherited retinal dystrophies (RPE65 mutations) [ID1054]: a Highly Specialised Technology Evaluation. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Farmer C (2018). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management [CG87]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng87.
Farmer C (2018). Pembrolizumab with pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy for untreated metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer [ID1173]: a Single Technology Appraisal. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Farmer C (2016). Fractures (complex): assessment and management [NG37]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng37.
Farmer C (2016). Fractures (non-complex): assessment and management [NG38]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng38.
Farmer C (2016). Major trauma: assessment and initial management [NG39]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng39, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence.
Farmer C (2016). Major trauma: service delivery [NG40]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng40.
Farmer C (2016). Motor neurone disease: assessment and management [NG42]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng42.
Farmer C (2016). Multimorbidity: clinical assessment and management [NG56]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng56.
Farmer C (2016). Spinal injury: assessment and initial management [NG41]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng41.
Publications by year
2022
Kiff F, Shaw N, Orr N, Rizzo AJ, Chollet A, Young H, Rigby E, Hagell A, Berry V, Bonell C, et al (2022). Systematic Review of the Economics of School-Based Interventions for Dating Violence and Gender-Based Violence.
Health Educ BehavAbstract:
Systematic Review of the Economics of School-Based Interventions for Dating Violence and Gender-Based Violence.
Dating and relationship violence (DRV) and gender-based violence (GBV) among children and young people incur a high cost to individuals and society. School-based interventions present an opportunity to prevent DRV and GBV early in individuals' lives. However, with school resources under pressure, policymakers require guidance on the economics of implementing interventions. As part of a large systematic review funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), we searched for economic evaluations and costing studies of school-based interventions for DRV and GBV. No formal economic evaluations were identified. Seven studies reporting costs, cost savings, or resource use for eight interventions were identified. The largest costs of implementing interventions were related to staff training and salaries but savings could be made by implementing interventions on a large scale. The potential cost savings of avoided DRV and GBV far outweighed the costs of implementation.
Abstract.
Author URL.
2020
Farmer C, Bullement A, Packman D, Long L, Robinson S, Nikram E, Hatswell AJ, Melendez-Torres GJ, Crathorne L (2020). Voretigene Neparvovec for Treating Inherited Retinal Dystrophies Caused by RPE65 Gene Mutations: an Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal.
Pharmacoeconomics,
38(12), 1309-1318.
Abstract:
Voretigene Neparvovec for Treating Inherited Retinal Dystrophies Caused by RPE65 Gene Mutations: an Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal.
The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) considered evidence for voretigene neparvovec (VN; Luxturna®) for the treatment of RPE65-mediated inherited retinal dystrophies (IRD) within its highly specialised technology programme. This paper summarises the evidence provided by the company; the appraisal of the evidence by the Peninsula Technology Appraisal Group, who were commissioned to act as the independent evidence review group (ERG); and the development of the NICE guidance by the appraisal committee. The evidence presented by the company highlighted the significant lifelong burden of IRD for patients and carers. Evidence to support the effectiveness of VN was lacking, but the available evidence showed a modest, sustained improvement across a variety of vision-related outcomes. While patients would remain visually impaired, the committee considered that VN would prevent further deterioration in vision. The modelling approach used by the company had a number of limitations and relied heavily upon a large volume of clinical expert input to produce cost-effectiveness estimates with large uncertainty around long-term effectiveness. The ERG's main concerns revolved around these long-term outcomes and the plausibility of utility values. The NICE committee were convinced that the clinical benefits of VN were important and an appropriate use of national health service resources within a specialised service. The committee concluded that a high unmet need existed in patients with RPE65-mediated IRD and that VN represents a step change in the management of this condition.
Abstract.
Author URL.
2019
Park S, Greenberg P, Yucel A, Farmer C, O'Neill F, Brandao CDO, Fenaux P (2019). Clinical effectiveness and safety of erythropoietin-stimulating agents for the treatment of low- and intermediate-1-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: a systematic literature review.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY,
184(2), 134-160.
Author URL.
Farmer C (2019). Voretigene neparvovec for inherited retinal dystrophies (RPE65 mutations) [ID1054]: a Highly Specialised Technology Evaluation. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
2018
Farmer C (2018). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management [CG87]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng87.
Deitelzweig S, Farmer C, Luo X, Li X, Vo L, Mardekian J, Fahrbach K, Ashaye A (2018). Comparison of major bleeding risk in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation receiving direct oral anticoagulants in the real-world setting: a network meta-analysis.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION,
34(3), 487-498.
Author URL.
Farmer C (2018). Pembrolizumab with pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy for untreated metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer [ID1173]: a Single Technology Appraisal. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Sarri G, Bhor M, Abogunrin S, Farmer C, Nandal S, Halloway R, Revicki DA (2018). Systematic literature review and assessment of patient-reported outcome instruments in sickle cell disease.
HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES,
16 Author URL.
2017
Sarri G, Bhor M, Abogunrin S, Farmer C, Nandal S, Revicki DA (2017). A Systematic Literature Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Instruments Used in Sickle Cell Disease.
Author URL.
Deitelzweig S, Farmer C, Luo X, Vo L, Li X, Hamilton M, Horblyuk R, Ashaye A (2017). Risk of major bleeding in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with oral anticoagulants: a systematic review of real-world observational studies.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION,
33(9), 1583-1594.
Author URL.
2016
Farmer C (2016). Fractures (complex): assessment and management [NG37]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng37.
Farmer C (2016). Fractures (non-complex): assessment and management [NG38]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng38.
Farmer C, Fenu E, O'Flynn N, Guthrie B (2016). GUIDELINES Clinical assessment and management of multimorbidity: summary of NICE guidance.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL,
354 Author URL.
Farmer C (2016). Major trauma: assessment and initial management [NG39]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng39, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence.
Farmer C (2016). Major trauma: service delivery [NG40]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng40.
Farmer C (2016). Motor neurone disease: assessment and management [NG42]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng42.
Farmer C (2016). Multimorbidity: clinical assessment and management [NG56]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng56.
Farmer C (2016). Spinal injury: assessment and initial management [NG41]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng41.
2012
Farmer C, Farrand P, O'Mahen H (2012). 'I am not a depressed person': how identity conflict affects help-seeking rates for major depressive disorder.
BMC Psychiatry,
12Abstract:
'I am not a depressed person': how identity conflict affects help-seeking rates for major depressive disorder.
BACKGROUND: There is a significant treatment gap for patients with depression. A third of sufferers never seek help, and the vast majority of those who do only do so after considerable delay. Little is understood regarding poor help-seeking rates amongst people with depression, with existing research mainly focussed on the impact of barriers to treatment. The current study explored psychological factors affecting help-seeking behaviour in clinically depressed individuals. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 current or previously clinically depressed participants who either had or had not sought professional help. Thematic analysis was used to analyse results. RESULTS: the onset of depressive symptoms created conflict with participants' identity and personal goals. Delays in seeking help were primarily attributed to the desire to protect identity and goals from the threat of depressive symptoms. Participants used avoidance strategies to reduce the perceived threat of depressive symptoms on identity. These strategies interfered with help-seeking. Help-seeking was only undertaken once participants reached a point of acceptance and began to make concessions in their identity and goals, at which time they reduced their use of avoidance. CONCLUSIONS: Difficulties resolving conflict between identity and depressive symptoms may account for significant delays in seeking help for depression. The results have implications for predicting health behaviour and improving treatment uptake for depression, and may inform existing help-seeking models.
Abstract.
Author URL.