Publications by category
Journal articles
Farmer C, Barnish MS, Trigg LA, Hayward S, Shaw N, Crathorne L, Strong T, Groves B, Spoors J, Melendez Torres GJ, et al (2023). An evaluation of managed access agreements in England based on stakeholder experience.
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care,
39(1).
Abstract:
An evaluation of managed access agreements in England based on stakeholder experience
Abstract
.
. Objectives
. The objective of this research was to evaluate managed access policy in England, drawing upon the expertise of a range of stakeholders involved in its implementation.
.
.
. Methods
. Seven focus groups were conducted with payer and health technology assessment representatives, clinicians, and representatives from industry and patient/carer organizations within England. Transcripts were analyzed using framework analysis to identify stakeholders’ views on the successes and challenges of managed access policy.
.
.
. Results
. Stakeholders discussed the many aims of managed access within the National Health Service in England, and how competing aims had affected decision making. While stakeholders highlighted a number of priorities within eligibility criteria for managed access agreements (MAAs), stakeholders agreed that strict eligibility criteria would be challenging to implement due to the highly variable nature of innovative technologies and their indications. Participants highlighted challenges faced with implementing MAAs, including evidence generation, supporting patients during and after the end of MAAs, and agreeing and reinforcing contractual agreements with industry.
.
.
. Conclusions
. Managed access is one strategy that can be used by payers to resolve uncertainty for innovative technologies that present challenges for reimbursement and can also deliver earlier access to promising technologies for patients. However, participants cautioned that managed access is not a “silver bullet,” and there is a need for greater clarity about the aims of managed access and how these should be prioritized in decision making. Discussions between key stakeholders involved in managed access identified challenges with implementing MAAs and these experiences should be used to inform future managed access policy.
.
Abstract.
Farmer C, O’Toole B, Barnish MS, Trigg LA, Hayward S, Crathorne L, Kasten Z, Spoors J, Melendez-Torres GJ (2023). Early access schemes for innovative health technologies: the views of international stakeholders.
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care,
39(1).
Abstract:
Early access schemes for innovative health technologies: the views of international stakeholders
Abstract
.
. Objectives
. Early access schemes (EASs) are approaches used by payers to balance and facilitate earlier patient access to innovative health technologies while evidence generation is ongoing. Schemes require investment from payers and are associated with significant risk since not all technologies will be routinely reimbursed. The purpose of this study was to gain the perspectives of policy experts about the key challenges for EASs and potential solutions for their optimal design and implementation.
.
.
. Methods
. Two virtual workshops were convened including (i) UK-based policy experts (England, Wales, and Scotland) and (ii) representatives from multiple healthcare systems (England, France, Sweden, Canada, Poland, and Norway). Participants were encouraged to share their experiences with EASs in their healthcare system and highlight key challenges for policy makers. Discussions were transcribed and analyzed using framework analysis.
.
.
. Results
. Participants agreed that EASs have value when targeted toward innovative technologies with the potential for significant clinical benefit in an area of high unmet need. Participants discussed potential solutions to the challenges faced by payers implementing EASs, including defining eligibility criteria, supporting evidence generation, and approaches to reimbursement.
.
.
. Conclusions
. Participants agreed that EASs are one possible solution for their healthcare systems and have the potential to deliver significant clinical value to patients. However, widespread adoption of EASs is limited due to concerns about the risks for patients and healthcare budgets, further solutions are needed to deliver EASs for targeted therapies.
.
Abstract.
Farmer C, Shaw N, Rizzo AJ, Orr N, Chollet A, Hagell A, Rigby E, Young H, Berry V, Bonell C, et al (2023). School-Based Interventions to Prevent Dating and Relationship Violence and Gender-Based Violence: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Am J Public Health,
113(3), 320-330.
Abstract:
School-Based Interventions to Prevent Dating and Relationship Violence and Gender-Based Violence: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Background. Schools are sites of dating and relationship violence (DRV) and of gender-based violence (GBV) victimization and perpetration. School-based interventions can reach a broad range of students, targeting both individual and group processes that may underpin DRV and GBV. Considering DRV and GBV jointly is important because of their shared etiologies. Comparing the effectiveness of interventions using network meta-analysis (NMA) can support decision-making on optimal resource use. Objectives. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of school-based interventions for children aged 5 to 18 years on DRV and GBV victimization, perpetration, and related mediators. Search Methods. We searched 21 databases in July 2020 and June 2021, alongside extensive supplementary search methods, including gray literature searches, forward and backward citation chasing, and searches on first and last author names. Selection Criteria. We included randomized-controlled trials of interventions for children of compulsory school age implemented within the school setting, and either partially or wholly aimed at changing DRV or GBV outcomes. Data Collection and Analysis. Pairwise meta-analyses using random-effects robust variance estimation considered intervention effectiveness on DRV and GBV victimization and perpetration using odds ratios, and on mediators (e.g. knowledge and attitudes) using standardized mean differences. Effects were divided into short-term (
Abstract.
Author URL.
Kiff F, Shaw N, Orr N, Rizzo AJ, Chollet A, Young H, Rigby E, Hagell A, Berry V, Bonell C, et al (2023). Systematic Review of the Economics of School-Based Interventions for Dating Violence and Gender-Based Violence.
Health Educ Behav,
50(3), 339-346.
Abstract:
Systematic Review of the Economics of School-Based Interventions for Dating Violence and Gender-Based Violence.
Dating and relationship violence (DRV) and gender-based violence (GBV) among children and young people incur a high cost to individuals and society. School-based interventions present an opportunity to prevent DRV and GBV early in individuals' lives. However, with school resources under pressure, policymakers require guidance on the economics of implementing interventions. As part of a large systematic review funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), we searched for economic evaluations and costing studies of school-based interventions for DRV and GBV. No formal economic evaluations were identified. Seven studies reporting costs, cost savings, or resource use for eight interventions were identified. The largest costs of implementing interventions were related to staff training and salaries but savings could be made by implementing interventions on a large scale. The potential cost savings of avoided DRV and GBV far outweighed the costs of implementation.
Abstract.
Author URL.
Rizzo AJ, Orr N, Shaw N, Farmer C, Chollet A, Young H, Berry V, Rigby E, Hagell A, Bonell C, et al (2022). Exploring the Activities and Target Audiences of School-Based Violence Prevention Programs: Systematic Review and Intervention Component Analysis.
Trauma Violence AbuseAbstract:
Exploring the Activities and Target Audiences of School-Based Violence Prevention Programs: Systematic Review and Intervention Component Analysis.
Adolescents are at an increased risk for experiencing dating and relationship violence (DRV) and gender-based violence (GBV). School-based interventions remain an important and frequently used method for DRV/GBV prevention. A clear understanding and description of the different components of school-based interventions specific to DRV/GBV is needed to organize and advance the array of prevention efforts being utilized in school settings. We conducted an intervention component analysis to create a taxonomy for school-based interventions addressing DRV and GBV. We searched 21 databases in July 2020 and updated searches in June 2021, alongside extensive supplementary search methods. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adolescents of compulsory school-age that were implemented within the school setting which partially or wholly focused on DRV and GBV topics. Our analysis included 68 studies describing 76 different school-based interventions. Through an iterative coding process we identified 40 intervention components organized within 13 activity categories, including both student-directed components and non-student-directed components such as activities for school personnel and family members of students. We also identified components addressing higher levels of the social-ecological model including structural-social and structural-environmental aspects of DRV/GBV which prior reviews have not considered. This taxonomy of components and synthesis of intervention efficacy for DRV/GBV school-based interventions provides a framework for comparing past intervention evaluations and constructing new interventions to address these issues at multiple levels within a community.
Abstract.
Author URL.
Orr N, Chollet A, Rizzo AJ, Shaw N, Farmer C, Young H, Rigby E, Berry V, Bonell C, Melendez‐Torres GJ, et al (2022). School‐based interventions for preventing dating and relationship violence and gender‐based violence: a systematic review and synthesis of theories of change. Review of Education, 10(3).
Farmer C, Bullement A, Packman D, Long L, Robinson S, Nikram E, Hatswell AJ, Melendez-Torres GJ, Crathorne L (2020). Voretigene Neparvovec for Treating Inherited Retinal Dystrophies Caused by RPE65 Gene Mutations: an Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal.
Pharmacoeconomics,
38(12), 1309-1318.
Abstract:
Voretigene Neparvovec for Treating Inherited Retinal Dystrophies Caused by RPE65 Gene Mutations: an Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal.
The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) considered evidence for voretigene neparvovec (VN; Luxturna®) for the treatment of RPE65-mediated inherited retinal dystrophies (IRD) within its highly specialised technology programme. This paper summarises the evidence provided by the company; the appraisal of the evidence by the Peninsula Technology Appraisal Group, who were commissioned to act as the independent evidence review group (ERG); and the development of the NICE guidance by the appraisal committee. The evidence presented by the company highlighted the significant lifelong burden of IRD for patients and carers. Evidence to support the effectiveness of VN was lacking, but the available evidence showed a modest, sustained improvement across a variety of vision-related outcomes. While patients would remain visually impaired, the committee considered that VN would prevent further deterioration in vision. The modelling approach used by the company had a number of limitations and relied heavily upon a large volume of clinical expert input to produce cost-effectiveness estimates with large uncertainty around long-term effectiveness. The ERG's main concerns revolved around these long-term outcomes and the plausibility of utility values. The NICE committee were convinced that the clinical benefits of VN were important and an appropriate use of national health service resources within a specialised service. The committee concluded that a high unmet need existed in patients with RPE65-mediated IRD and that VN represents a step change in the management of this condition.
Abstract.
Author URL.
Park S, Greenberg P, Yucel A, Farmer C, O'Neill F, Brandao CDO, Fenaux P (2019). Clinical effectiveness and safety of erythropoietin-stimulating agents for the treatment of low- and intermediate-1-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: a systematic literature review.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY,
184(2), 134-160.
Author URL.
Deitelzweig S, Farmer C, Luo X, Li X, Vo L, Mardekian J, Fahrbach K, Ashaye A (2018). Comparison of major bleeding risk in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation receiving direct oral anticoagulants in the real-world setting: a network meta-analysis.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION,
34(3), 487-498.
Author URL.
Sarri G, Bhor M, Abogunrin S, Farmer C, Nandal S, Halloway R, Revicki DA (2018). Systematic literature review and assessment of patient-reported outcome instruments in sickle cell disease.
HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES,
16 Author URL.
Deitelzweig S, Farmer C, Luo X, Vo L, Li X, Hamilton M, Horblyuk R, Ashaye A (2017). Risk of major bleeding in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with oral anticoagulants: a systematic review of real-world observational studies.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION,
33(9), 1583-1594.
Author URL.
Farmer C, Fenu E, O'Flynn N, Guthrie B (2016). GUIDELINES Clinical assessment and management of multimorbidity: summary of NICE guidance.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL,
354 Author URL.
Farmer C, Farrand P, O'Mahen H (2012). 'I am not a depressed person': how identity conflict affects help-seeking rates for major depressive disorder.
BMC Psychiatry,
12Abstract:
'I am not a depressed person': how identity conflict affects help-seeking rates for major depressive disorder.
BACKGROUND: There is a significant treatment gap for patients with depression. A third of sufferers never seek help, and the vast majority of those who do only do so after considerable delay. Little is understood regarding poor help-seeking rates amongst people with depression, with existing research mainly focussed on the impact of barriers to treatment. The current study explored psychological factors affecting help-seeking behaviour in clinically depressed individuals. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 current or previously clinically depressed participants who either had or had not sought professional help. Thematic analysis was used to analyse results. RESULTS: the onset of depressive symptoms created conflict with participants' identity and personal goals. Delays in seeking help were primarily attributed to the desire to protect identity and goals from the threat of depressive symptoms. Participants used avoidance strategies to reduce the perceived threat of depressive symptoms on identity. These strategies interfered with help-seeking. Help-seeking was only undertaken once participants reached a point of acceptance and began to make concessions in their identity and goals, at which time they reduced their use of avoidance. CONCLUSIONS: Difficulties resolving conflict between identity and depressive symptoms may account for significant delays in seeking help for depression. The results have implications for predicting health behaviour and improving treatment uptake for depression, and may inform existing help-seeking models.
Abstract.
Author URL.
Conferences
Orr N, Chollet A, Shaw N, Rizzo A, Farmer C, Young H, Bonell C, Berry V, Melendez-Torres G (2022). P23 School-based interventions for preventing dating and relationship violence and gender-based violence: a synthesis of theories of change. SSM Annual Scientific Meeting.
Sarri G, Bhor M, Abogunrin S, Farmer C, Nandal S, Revicki DA (2017). A Systematic Literature Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Instruments Used in Sickle Cell Disease.
Author URL.
Reports
Farmer C, Brian O, Muthukumar M, Robinson S, Kiff F, Trigg L, Gardiner T, Newsome PN, Crathrone L, Melendez-Torres G, et al (2021). Givosiran for treating acute hepatic porphyria. [ID1549]: a Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal. NICE.
Farmer C, Knowles E, Coelho H, Matthews J, Robinson S, Shaw N, Critchlow S, Crathorne L, Melendez-Torres G (2021). Lenalidomide for the maintenance treatment of multiple myeloma after autologous stem cell transplantation.
Farmer C, Scott D, Long L, Matthews J, Robinson S, Crathorne L, Melendez-Torres G (2020). Caplacizumab with plasma exchange and immunosuppression for treating acute acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Bello S, Griffin E, Farmer C, Nikram E, Robinson S, Packman D, Salmon A, Cossburn M, Melendez-Torres GJ, Crathorne L, et al (2019). Fremanezumab for preventing migraine: a Single Technology Appraisal. NICE.
Farmer C (2019). Voretigene neparvovec for inherited retinal dystrophies (RPE65 mutations) [ID1054]: a Highly Specialised Technology Evaluation. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Farmer C, Bullement A, Packman D, Long L, Robinson S, Nikram E, Bello S, Dodman S, Rezaei Hemami M, Churchill A, et al (2019). Voretigene neparvovec for inherited retinal dystrophies (RPE65 mutations) [ID1054]: a Highly Specialised Technology Evaluation. NICE.
Farmer C (2018). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management [CG87]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng87.
Farmer C (2018). Pembrolizumab with pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy for untreated metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer [ID1173]: a Single Technology Appraisal. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Griffin E, Farmer C, Packman D, Nikram E, Matthews J, Barnish M, Briscoe S, Dorey N, Dangoor A, Mujica Mota R, et al (2018). Pembrolizumab with pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy for untreated metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer [ID1173]: a Single Technology Appraisal. NICE.
Farmer C (2016). Fractures (complex): assessment and management [NG37]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng37.
Farmer C (2016). Fractures (non-complex): assessment and management [NG38]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng38.
Farmer C (2016). Major trauma: assessment and initial management [NG39]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng39, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence.
Farmer C (2016). Major trauma: service delivery [NG40]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng40.
Farmer C (2016). Motor neurone disease: assessment and management [NG42]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng42.
Farmer C (2016). Multimorbidity: clinical assessment and management [NG56]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng56.
Farmer C (2016). Spinal injury: assessment and initial management [NG41]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng41.
Publications by year
2023
Farmer C, Barnish MS, Trigg LA, Hayward S, Shaw N, Crathorne L, Strong T, Groves B, Spoors J, Melendez Torres GJ, et al (2023). An evaluation of managed access agreements in England based on stakeholder experience.
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care,
39(1).
Abstract:
An evaluation of managed access agreements in England based on stakeholder experience
Abstract
.
. Objectives
. The objective of this research was to evaluate managed access policy in England, drawing upon the expertise of a range of stakeholders involved in its implementation.
.
.
. Methods
. Seven focus groups were conducted with payer and health technology assessment representatives, clinicians, and representatives from industry and patient/carer organizations within England. Transcripts were analyzed using framework analysis to identify stakeholders’ views on the successes and challenges of managed access policy.
.
.
. Results
. Stakeholders discussed the many aims of managed access within the National Health Service in England, and how competing aims had affected decision making. While stakeholders highlighted a number of priorities within eligibility criteria for managed access agreements (MAAs), stakeholders agreed that strict eligibility criteria would be challenging to implement due to the highly variable nature of innovative technologies and their indications. Participants highlighted challenges faced with implementing MAAs, including evidence generation, supporting patients during and after the end of MAAs, and agreeing and reinforcing contractual agreements with industry.
.
.
. Conclusions
. Managed access is one strategy that can be used by payers to resolve uncertainty for innovative technologies that present challenges for reimbursement and can also deliver earlier access to promising technologies for patients. However, participants cautioned that managed access is not a “silver bullet,” and there is a need for greater clarity about the aims of managed access and how these should be prioritized in decision making. Discussions between key stakeholders involved in managed access identified challenges with implementing MAAs and these experiences should be used to inform future managed access policy.
.
Abstract.
Farmer C, O’Toole B, Barnish MS, Trigg LA, Hayward S, Crathorne L, Kasten Z, Spoors J, Melendez-Torres GJ (2023). Early access schemes for innovative health technologies: the views of international stakeholders.
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care,
39(1).
Abstract:
Early access schemes for innovative health technologies: the views of international stakeholders
Abstract
.
. Objectives
. Early access schemes (EASs) are approaches used by payers to balance and facilitate earlier patient access to innovative health technologies while evidence generation is ongoing. Schemes require investment from payers and are associated with significant risk since not all technologies will be routinely reimbursed. The purpose of this study was to gain the perspectives of policy experts about the key challenges for EASs and potential solutions for their optimal design and implementation.
.
.
. Methods
. Two virtual workshops were convened including (i) UK-based policy experts (England, Wales, and Scotland) and (ii) representatives from multiple healthcare systems (England, France, Sweden, Canada, Poland, and Norway). Participants were encouraged to share their experiences with EASs in their healthcare system and highlight key challenges for policy makers. Discussions were transcribed and analyzed using framework analysis.
.
.
. Results
. Participants agreed that EASs have value when targeted toward innovative technologies with the potential for significant clinical benefit in an area of high unmet need. Participants discussed potential solutions to the challenges faced by payers implementing EASs, including defining eligibility criteria, supporting evidence generation, and approaches to reimbursement.
.
.
. Conclusions
. Participants agreed that EASs are one possible solution for their healthcare systems and have the potential to deliver significant clinical value to patients. However, widespread adoption of EASs is limited due to concerns about the risks for patients and healthcare budgets, further solutions are needed to deliver EASs for targeted therapies.
.
Abstract.
Farmer C, Shaw N, Rizzo AJ, Orr N, Chollet A, Hagell A, Rigby E, Young H, Berry V, Bonell C, et al (2023). School-Based Interventions to Prevent Dating and Relationship Violence and Gender-Based Violence: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Am J Public Health,
113(3), 320-330.
Abstract:
School-Based Interventions to Prevent Dating and Relationship Violence and Gender-Based Violence: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Background. Schools are sites of dating and relationship violence (DRV) and of gender-based violence (GBV) victimization and perpetration. School-based interventions can reach a broad range of students, targeting both individual and group processes that may underpin DRV and GBV. Considering DRV and GBV jointly is important because of their shared etiologies. Comparing the effectiveness of interventions using network meta-analysis (NMA) can support decision-making on optimal resource use. Objectives. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of school-based interventions for children aged 5 to 18 years on DRV and GBV victimization, perpetration, and related mediators. Search Methods. We searched 21 databases in July 2020 and June 2021, alongside extensive supplementary search methods, including gray literature searches, forward and backward citation chasing, and searches on first and last author names. Selection Criteria. We included randomized-controlled trials of interventions for children of compulsory school age implemented within the school setting, and either partially or wholly aimed at changing DRV or GBV outcomes. Data Collection and Analysis. Pairwise meta-analyses using random-effects robust variance estimation considered intervention effectiveness on DRV and GBV victimization and perpetration using odds ratios, and on mediators (e.g. knowledge and attitudes) using standardized mean differences. Effects were divided into short-term (
Abstract.
Author URL.
Kiff F, Shaw N, Orr N, Rizzo AJ, Chollet A, Young H, Rigby E, Hagell A, Berry V, Bonell C, et al (2023). Systematic Review of the Economics of School-Based Interventions for Dating Violence and Gender-Based Violence.
Health Educ Behav,
50(3), 339-346.
Abstract:
Systematic Review of the Economics of School-Based Interventions for Dating Violence and Gender-Based Violence.
Dating and relationship violence (DRV) and gender-based violence (GBV) among children and young people incur a high cost to individuals and society. School-based interventions present an opportunity to prevent DRV and GBV early in individuals' lives. However, with school resources under pressure, policymakers require guidance on the economics of implementing interventions. As part of a large systematic review funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), we searched for economic evaluations and costing studies of school-based interventions for DRV and GBV. No formal economic evaluations were identified. Seven studies reporting costs, cost savings, or resource use for eight interventions were identified. The largest costs of implementing interventions were related to staff training and salaries but savings could be made by implementing interventions on a large scale. The potential cost savings of avoided DRV and GBV far outweighed the costs of implementation.
Abstract.
Author URL.
2022
Rizzo AJ, Orr N, Shaw N, Farmer C, Chollet A, Young H, Berry V, Rigby E, Hagell A, Bonell C, et al (2022). Exploring the Activities and Target Audiences of School-Based Violence Prevention Programs: Systematic Review and Intervention Component Analysis.
Trauma Violence AbuseAbstract:
Exploring the Activities and Target Audiences of School-Based Violence Prevention Programs: Systematic Review and Intervention Component Analysis.
Adolescents are at an increased risk for experiencing dating and relationship violence (DRV) and gender-based violence (GBV). School-based interventions remain an important and frequently used method for DRV/GBV prevention. A clear understanding and description of the different components of school-based interventions specific to DRV/GBV is needed to organize and advance the array of prevention efforts being utilized in school settings. We conducted an intervention component analysis to create a taxonomy for school-based interventions addressing DRV and GBV. We searched 21 databases in July 2020 and updated searches in June 2021, alongside extensive supplementary search methods. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adolescents of compulsory school-age that were implemented within the school setting which partially or wholly focused on DRV and GBV topics. Our analysis included 68 studies describing 76 different school-based interventions. Through an iterative coding process we identified 40 intervention components organized within 13 activity categories, including both student-directed components and non-student-directed components such as activities for school personnel and family members of students. We also identified components addressing higher levels of the social-ecological model including structural-social and structural-environmental aspects of DRV/GBV which prior reviews have not considered. This taxonomy of components and synthesis of intervention efficacy for DRV/GBV school-based interventions provides a framework for comparing past intervention evaluations and constructing new interventions to address these issues at multiple levels within a community.
Abstract.
Author URL.
Orr N, Chollet A, Shaw N, Rizzo A, Farmer C, Young H, Bonell C, Berry V, Melendez-Torres G (2022). P23 School-based interventions for preventing dating and relationship violence and gender-based violence: a synthesis of theories of change. SSM Annual Scientific Meeting.
Orr N, Chollet A, Rizzo AJ, Shaw N, Farmer C, Young H, Rigby E, Berry V, Bonell C, Melendez‐Torres GJ, et al (2022). School‐based interventions for preventing dating and relationship violence and gender‐based violence: a systematic review and synthesis of theories of change. Review of Education, 10(3).
2021
Farmer C, Brian O, Muthukumar M, Robinson S, Kiff F, Trigg L, Gardiner T, Newsome PN, Crathrone L, Melendez-Torres G, et al (2021). Givosiran for treating acute hepatic porphyria. [ID1549]: a Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal. NICE.
Farmer C, Knowles E, Coelho H, Matthews J, Robinson S, Shaw N, Critchlow S, Crathorne L, Melendez-Torres G (2021). Lenalidomide for the maintenance treatment of multiple myeloma after autologous stem cell transplantation.
2020
Farmer C, Scott D, Long L, Matthews J, Robinson S, Crathorne L, Melendez-Torres G (2020). Caplacizumab with plasma exchange and immunosuppression for treating acute acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Farmer C, Bullement A, Packman D, Long L, Robinson S, Nikram E, Hatswell AJ, Melendez-Torres GJ, Crathorne L (2020). Voretigene Neparvovec for Treating Inherited Retinal Dystrophies Caused by RPE65 Gene Mutations: an Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal.
Pharmacoeconomics,
38(12), 1309-1318.
Abstract:
Voretigene Neparvovec for Treating Inherited Retinal Dystrophies Caused by RPE65 Gene Mutations: an Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Highly Specialised Technology Appraisal.
The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) considered evidence for voretigene neparvovec (VN; Luxturna®) for the treatment of RPE65-mediated inherited retinal dystrophies (IRD) within its highly specialised technology programme. This paper summarises the evidence provided by the company; the appraisal of the evidence by the Peninsula Technology Appraisal Group, who were commissioned to act as the independent evidence review group (ERG); and the development of the NICE guidance by the appraisal committee. The evidence presented by the company highlighted the significant lifelong burden of IRD for patients and carers. Evidence to support the effectiveness of VN was lacking, but the available evidence showed a modest, sustained improvement across a variety of vision-related outcomes. While patients would remain visually impaired, the committee considered that VN would prevent further deterioration in vision. The modelling approach used by the company had a number of limitations and relied heavily upon a large volume of clinical expert input to produce cost-effectiveness estimates with large uncertainty around long-term effectiveness. The ERG's main concerns revolved around these long-term outcomes and the plausibility of utility values. The NICE committee were convinced that the clinical benefits of VN were important and an appropriate use of national health service resources within a specialised service. The committee concluded that a high unmet need existed in patients with RPE65-mediated IRD and that VN represents a step change in the management of this condition.
Abstract.
Author URL.
2019
Park S, Greenberg P, Yucel A, Farmer C, O'Neill F, Brandao CDO, Fenaux P (2019). Clinical effectiveness and safety of erythropoietin-stimulating agents for the treatment of low- and intermediate-1-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: a systematic literature review.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY,
184(2), 134-160.
Author URL.
Bello S, Griffin E, Farmer C, Nikram E, Robinson S, Packman D, Salmon A, Cossburn M, Melendez-Torres GJ, Crathorne L, et al (2019). Fremanezumab for preventing migraine: a Single Technology Appraisal. NICE.
Farmer C (2019). Voretigene neparvovec for inherited retinal dystrophies (RPE65 mutations) [ID1054]: a Highly Specialised Technology Evaluation. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Farmer C, Bullement A, Packman D, Long L, Robinson S, Nikram E, Bello S, Dodman S, Rezaei Hemami M, Churchill A, et al (2019). Voretigene neparvovec for inherited retinal dystrophies (RPE65 mutations) [ID1054]: a Highly Specialised Technology Evaluation. NICE.
2018
Farmer C (2018). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management [CG87]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng87.
Deitelzweig S, Farmer C, Luo X, Li X, Vo L, Mardekian J, Fahrbach K, Ashaye A (2018). Comparison of major bleeding risk in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation receiving direct oral anticoagulants in the real-world setting: a network meta-analysis.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION,
34(3), 487-498.
Author URL.
Farmer C (2018). Pembrolizumab with pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy for untreated metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer [ID1173]: a Single Technology Appraisal. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Griffin E, Farmer C, Packman D, Nikram E, Matthews J, Barnish M, Briscoe S, Dorey N, Dangoor A, Mujica Mota R, et al (2018). Pembrolizumab with pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy for untreated metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer [ID1173]: a Single Technology Appraisal. NICE.
Sarri G, Bhor M, Abogunrin S, Farmer C, Nandal S, Halloway R, Revicki DA (2018). Systematic literature review and assessment of patient-reported outcome instruments in sickle cell disease.
HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES,
16 Author URL.
2017
Sarri G, Bhor M, Abogunrin S, Farmer C, Nandal S, Revicki DA (2017). A Systematic Literature Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Instruments Used in Sickle Cell Disease.
Author URL.
Deitelzweig S, Farmer C, Luo X, Vo L, Li X, Hamilton M, Horblyuk R, Ashaye A (2017). Risk of major bleeding in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with oral anticoagulants: a systematic review of real-world observational studies.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION,
33(9), 1583-1594.
Author URL.
2016
Farmer C (2016). Fractures (complex): assessment and management [NG37]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng37.
Farmer C (2016). Fractures (non-complex): assessment and management [NG38]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng38.
Farmer C, Fenu E, O'Flynn N, Guthrie B (2016). GUIDELINES Clinical assessment and management of multimorbidity: summary of NICE guidance.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL,
354 Author URL.
Farmer C (2016). Major trauma: assessment and initial management [NG39]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng39, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence.
Farmer C (2016). Major trauma: service delivery [NG40]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng40.
Farmer C (2016). Motor neurone disease: assessment and management [NG42]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng42.
Farmer C (2016). Multimorbidity: clinical assessment and management [NG56]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng56.
Farmer C (2016). Spinal injury: assessment and initial management [NG41]. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng41.
2012
Farmer C, Farrand P, O'Mahen H (2012). 'I am not a depressed person': how identity conflict affects help-seeking rates for major depressive disorder.
BMC Psychiatry,
12Abstract:
'I am not a depressed person': how identity conflict affects help-seeking rates for major depressive disorder.
BACKGROUND: There is a significant treatment gap for patients with depression. A third of sufferers never seek help, and the vast majority of those who do only do so after considerable delay. Little is understood regarding poor help-seeking rates amongst people with depression, with existing research mainly focussed on the impact of barriers to treatment. The current study explored psychological factors affecting help-seeking behaviour in clinically depressed individuals. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 current or previously clinically depressed participants who either had or had not sought professional help. Thematic analysis was used to analyse results. RESULTS: the onset of depressive symptoms created conflict with participants' identity and personal goals. Delays in seeking help were primarily attributed to the desire to protect identity and goals from the threat of depressive symptoms. Participants used avoidance strategies to reduce the perceived threat of depressive symptoms on identity. These strategies interfered with help-seeking. Help-seeking was only undertaken once participants reached a point of acceptance and began to make concessions in their identity and goals, at which time they reduced their use of avoidance. CONCLUSIONS: Difficulties resolving conflict between identity and depressive symptoms may account for significant delays in seeking help for depression. The results have implications for predicting health behaviour and improving treatment uptake for depression, and may inform existing help-seeking models.
Abstract.
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