Paul Francis | The Medical School | University of Exeter

Professor Paul Francis

Professor of Neurochemistry

P.T.Francis@exeter.ac.uk

Medical School Building

Medical School Building, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK

Overview

Paul was appointed in January 2019 to work on supporting human translational research in the field of neurodegeneration, particularly related to dementia. He comes with a wealth of experience in the biochemistry of dementia from cell systems, through animal models to the study of brain, blood and CSF in man. Paul has lead and participated in large EU-funded projects and was Director of the Brains for Dementia Research project for 10 years. Paul already had a number of existing collaborations with colleagues in Exeter that he will develop further.

From 1st September 2019 until August 2020 Paul was Associate Dean Research for the College of Medicine and Health. In this role he supported the College and its staff in our combined research ambitions and overall to enhance the great profile of Exeter in the area of health and medicine. He then took on a new role as Associate Dean for Commercial Research and Innovation, helping colleagues engage with business and supporting spin-out companies. In November 2022 he was appointed to a similar role, Associate Pro-Vice-Chancellor for Business Engagement and Innovation, in the new Faculty of Health and Life Sciences. He shares this role with Prof John Love with each contributing 40% FTE.

Paul was granted status as Professor Emeritus at King’s College London in 2021 and continues to maintain his research collaborations with Exeter colleagues.

Qualifications

BSc, PhD

Research

Research interests

Paul’s primary research interest is the neurochemistry of dementia and in particular the contributions of brain chemistry to cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms.

For 10 years between 2008 and 2018 Paul was the director of a major initiative in the area of brain donation by people with and without dementia. Brains for Dementia Research was (and is) funded by the leading dementia charities, Alzheimer’s Society and Alzheimer’s Research UK. This project has around 3,200 participants and there have been ~800 deaths, including over 180 who were cognitively normal at death. The standardized assessment of cognition mood and behavior, along with medical history and lifestyle information, provides an unrivalled source for studies of dementia. Collaboration with colleagues at the University of Exeter is adding value to this massive dataset (~10,000 assessments collected at regular intervals from the cohort, extensive genotypic data and research-level neuropathological data from the deceased) through epigenetic analysis of the deceased.

All data from this study is available to researchers through the MRC UK Brain Bank website and the DPUK platform.

Publications

Journal articles

Banerjee S, Farina N, Henderson C, High J, Stirling S, Shepstone L, Fountain J, Ballard C, Bentham P, Burns A, et al (2023). A pragmatic, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial to assess the safety, clinical and cost-effectiveness of mirtazapine and carbamazepine in people with Alzheimer's disease and agitated behaviours: the HTA-SYMBAD trial. Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 27(23), 1-108. Abstract.

Chong JR, Chai YL, Xing H, Herr DR, Wenk MR, Francis PT, Ballard C, Aarsland D, Silver DL, Chen CP, et al (2023). Decreased DHA-containing phospholipids in the neocortex of dementia with Lewy bodies are associated with soluble Aβ42 , phosphorylated α-synuclein, and synaptopathology. Brain Pathol, 33(6). Abstract. Author URL.

Chai YL, Lee JH, Chong JR, Ballard C, Francis PT, Kennedy BK, Arumugam TV, Chen CP, Aarsland D, Lai MKP, et al (2023). Inflammatory panel cytokines are elevated in the neocortex of late-stage Alzheimer's disease but not Lewy body dementias. J Neuroinflammation, 20(1). Abstract. Author URL.

Henderson C, Knapp M, Stirling S, Shepstone L, High J, Ballard C, Bentham P, Burns A, Farina N, Fox C, et al (2022). Cost-effectiveness of mirtazapine for agitated behaviors in dementia: findings from a randomized controlled trial. International Psychogeriatrics, 34(10), 905-917. Abstract.

Shireby G, Dempster EL, Policicchio S, Smith RG, Pishva E, Chioza B, Davies JP, Burrage J, Lunnon K, Seiler Vellame D, et al (2022). DNA methylation signatures of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology in the cortex are primarily driven by variation in non-neuronal cell-types. Nature Communications, 13(1). Abstract.

Chua XY, Chong JR, Cheng AL, Lee JH, Ballard C, Aarsland D, Francis PT, Lai MKP (2022). Elevation of inactive cleaved annexin A1 in the neocortex is associated with amyloid, inflammatory and apoptotic markers in neurodegenerative dementias. Neurochem Int, 152 Abstract. Author URL.

Pihlstrøm L, Shireby G, Geut H, Henriksen SP, Rozemuller AJM, Tunold J-A, Hannon E, Francis P, Thomas AJ, Love S, et al (2022). Epigenome-wide association study of human frontal cortex identifies differential methylation in Lewy body pathology. Nature Communications, 13(1). Abstract.

Gelegen C, Cash D, Ilic K, Sander M, Kim E, Simmons C, Bernanos M, Lama J, Randall K, Brown JT, et al (2022). Relevance of sleep and associated structural changes in GBA1 mouse to human rapid eye movement behavior disorder. Scientific Reports, 12(1). Abstract.

Smith RG, Pishva E, Shireby G, Smith AR, Roubroeks JAY, Hannon E, Wheildon G, Mastroeni D, Gasparoni G, Riemenschneider M, et al (2021). A meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in Alzheimer's disease highlights novel differentially methylated loci across cortex. Nat Commun, 12(1). Abstract. Author URL.

Alakbarzade V, French JM, Howlett DR, Attems J, Francis PT, Stratton S, Clark CN, Pereira AC, Hainsworth AH (2021). Cerebral amyloid angiopathy distribution in older people: a cautionary note. Alzheimers Dement (N Y), 7(1). Abstract. Author URL.

McAleese KE, Colloby SJ, Thomas AJ, Al-Sarraj S, Ansorge O, Neal J, Roncaroli F, Love S, Francis PT, Attems J, et al (2021). Concomitant neurodegenerative pathologies contribute to the transition from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Alzheimers Dement, 17(7), 1121-1133. Abstract. Author URL.

Alić I, Goh PA, Murray A, Portelius E, Gkanatsiou E, Gough G, Mok KY, Koschut D, Brunmeir R, Yeap YJ, et al (2021). Correction: Patient-specific Alzheimer-like pathology in trisomy 21 cerebral organoids reveals BACE2 as a gene dose-sensitive AD suppressor in human brain. Mol Psychiatry, 26(10). Author URL.

Lawingco T, Chaudhury S, Brookes KJ, Guetta-Baranes T, Guerreiro R, Bras J, Hardy J, Francis P, Thomas A, Belbin O, et al (2021). Genetic variants in glutamate-, Aβ−, and tau-related pathways determine polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Aging, 101, 299.e13-299.e21. Abstract.

Khan Z, Da Silva MV, Nunez K-M, Kalafatis C, Nowicki S, Walker Z, Testad I, Francis P, Ballard C (2021). Investigating the effects of impairment in non-verbal communication on neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life of people living with dementia. Alzheimers Dement (N Y), 7(1). Abstract. Author URL.

Low CYB, Lee JH, Lim FTW, Lee C, Ballard C, Francis PT, Lai MKP, Tan MGK (2021). Isoform‐specific upregulation of FynT kinase expression is associated with tauopathy and glial activation in Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementias. Brain Pathology, 31(2), 253-266. Abstract.

Alić I, Goh PA, Murray A, Portelius E, Gkanatsiou E, Gough G, Mok KY, Koschut D, Brunmeir R, Yeap YJ, et al (2021). Patient-specific Alzheimer-like pathology in trisomy 21 cerebral organoids reveals BACE2 as a gene dose-sensitive AD suppressor in human brain. Molecular Psychiatry, 26(10), 5766-5788. Abstract.

Wasserman D, Bindman D, Nesbitt AD, Cash D, Milosevic M, Francis PT, Chaudhuri KR, Leschziner GD, Ferini-Strambi L, Ballard C, et al (2021). Striatal Dopaminergic Deficit and Sleep in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Behaviour Disorder: an Explorative Study. Nat Sci Sleep, 13, 1-9. Abstract. Author URL.

Banerjee S, High J, Stirling S, Shepstone L, Swart AM, Telling T, Henderson C, Ballard C, Bentham P, Burns A, et al (2021). Study of mirtazapine for agitated behaviours in dementia (SYMBAD): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 398(10310), 1487-1497. Abstract. Author URL.

Smith RG, Pishva E, Shireby G, Smith AR, Roubroeks JAY, Hannon E, Wheildon G, Mastroeni D, Gasparoni G, Riemenschneider M, et al (2020). A meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in Alzheimer’s disease highlights novel differentially methylated loci across cortex. Abstract.

Hartl D, May P, Gu W, Mayhaus M, Pichler S, Spaniol C, Glaab E, Bobbili DR, Antony P, Koegelsberger S, et al (2020). A rare loss-of-function variant of ADAM17 is associated with late-onset familial Alzheimer disease. Molecular Psychiatry, 25(3), 629-639. Abstract.

Hannon E, Shireby GL, Brookes K, Attems J, Sims R, Cairns NJ, Love S, Thomas AJ, Morgan K, Francis PT, et al (2020). Genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease influences neuropathology via multiple biological pathways. Brain Communications, 2(2). Abstract.

Liu KY, Reeves S, McAleese KE, Attems J, Francis P, Thomas A, Howard R (2020). Neuropsychiatric symptoms in limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy and Alzheimer's disease. Brain, 143(12), 3842-3849. Abstract. Author URL.

Rajkumar AP, Bidkhori G, Shoaie S, Clarke E, Morrin H, Hye A, Williams G, Ballard C, Francis P, Aarsland D, et al (2020). Postmortem Cortical Transcriptomics of Lewy Body Dementia Reveal Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Lack of Neuroinflammation. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(1), 75-86. Abstract.

Shireby GL, Davies JP, Francis PT, Burrage J, Walker EM, Neilson GWA, Dahir A, Thomas AJ, Love S, Smith RG, et al (2020). Recalibrating the epigenetic clock: implications for assessing biological age in the human cortex. Brain, 143(12), 3763-3775. Abstract. Author URL.

O'Brien J, Taylor JP, Ballard C, Barker RA, Bradley C, Burns A, Collerton D, Dave S, Dudley R, Francis P, et al (2020). Visual hallucinations in neurological and ophthalmological disease: pathophysiology and management. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 91(5), 512-519. Abstract. Author URL.

Clarke E, Jantrachotechatchawan C, Buhidma Y, Broadstock M, Yu L, Howlett D, Aarsland D, Ballard C, Francis PT (2019). Age-related neurochemical and behavioural changes in D409V/WT GBA1 mouse: Relevance to lewy body dementia. Neurochem Int, 129 Abstract. Author URL.

Chaudhury S, Brookes KJ, Patel T, Fallows A, Guetta-Baranes T, Turton JC, Guerreiro R, Bras J, Hardy J, Francis PT, et al (2019). Alzheimer’s disease polygenic risk score as a predictor of conversion from mild-cognitive impairment. Translational Psychiatry, 9(1). Abstract.

Francis PT, Hayes GM, Costello H, Whitfield DR (2019). Brains for Dementia Research: the Importance of Cohorts in Brain Banking. Neurosci Bull, 35(2), 289-294. Author URL.

Chaudhury S, Brookes KJ, Patel T, Fallows A, Guetta-Baranes T, Turton JC, Guerreiro R, Bras J, Hardy J, Francis PT, et al (2019). Correction: Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk score as a predictor of conversion from mild-cognitive impairment. Transl Psychiatry, 9(1). Abstract. Author URL.

Bereczki E, Branca RM, Francis PT, Pereira JB, Baek J-H, Hortobagyi T, Winblad B, Ballard C, Lehtio J, Aarsland D, et al (2019). Corrigendum: Synaptic markers of cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases: a proteomic approach (vol 141, pg 582, 2018). Brain, 142

Chai YL, Chong JR, Weng J, Howlett D, Halsey A, Lee JH, Attems J, Aarsland D, Francis PT, Chen CP, et al (2019). Lysosomal cathepsin D is upregulated in Alzheimer's disease neocortex and may be a marker for neurofibrillary degeneration. Brain Pathology, 29(1), 63-74. Abstract.

Thubron EB, Rosa HS, Hodges A, Sivaprasad S, Francis PT, Pienaar IS, Malik AN (2019). Regional mitochondrial DNA and cell-type changes in post-mortem brains of non-diabetic Alzheimer's disease are not present in diabetic Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep, 9(1). Abstract. Author URL.

Whitfield DR, Francis PT, Ballard C, Williams G (2018). Associations between ZnT3, tau pathology, agitation, and delusions in dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 33(8), 1146-1152. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Costello H, Hayes GM (2018). Brains for Dementia Research: Evolution in a Longitudinal Brain Donation Cohort to Maximize Current and Future Value. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 66(4), 1635-1644. Abstract.

Costello H, Hayes GM, Francis PT (2018). Factors affecting withdrawal and donation attrition in the brains for dementia research cohort. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 33(12), 1709-1716. Abstract.

Brookes KJ, McConnell G, Williams K, Chaudhury S, Madhan G, Patel T, Turley C, Guetta-Baranes T, Bras J, Guerreiro R, et al (2018). Genotyping of the Alzheimer's Disease Genome-Wide Association Study Index Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Brains for Dementia Research Cohort. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 64(2), 355-362. Abstract.

Creese B, Bell E, Johar I, Francis P, Ballard C, Aarsland D (2018). Glucocerebrosidase mutations and neuropsychiatric phenotypes in Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementias: Review and meta-analyses. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet, 177(2), 232-241. Abstract. Author URL.

Ferrero H, Larrayoz IM, Martisova E, Solas M, Howlett DR, Francis PT, Gil-Bea FJ, Martínez A, Ramírez MJ (2018). Increased Levels of Brain Adrenomedullin in the Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s Disease. Molecular Neurobiology, 55(6), 5177-5183. Abstract.

Chappell S, Patel T, Guetta-Baranes T, Sang F, Francis PT, Morgan K, Brookes KJ (2018). Observations of extensive gene expression differences in the cerebellum and potential relevance to Alzheimer's disease. BMC Research Notes, 11(1). Abstract.

Bereczki E, Branca RM, Francis PT, Pereira JB, Baek JH, Hortobágyi T, Winblad B, Ballard C, Lehtiö J, Aarsland D, et al (2018). Synaptic markers of cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases: a proteomic approach. Brain, 141(2), 582-595. Abstract.

Ghumatkar P, Peshattiwar V, Patil S, Muke S, Whitfield D, Howlett D, Francis P, Sathaye S (2018). The effect of phloretin on synaptic proteins and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in a (1-42)-injected male Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY, 70(8), 1022-1030. Author URL.

Hayes G, Costello H, Nurock S, Cornwall A, Francis P (2018). Ticking boxes or meaningful partnership - the experience of lay representation, participant and study partner involvement in Brains for Dementia Research. DEMENTIA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE, 17(8), 1023-1034. Author URL.

Patel T, Brookes KJ, Turton J, Chaudhury S, Guetta-Baranes T, Guerreiro R, Bras J, Hernandez D, Singleton A, Francis PT, et al (2018). Whole-exome sequencing of the BDR cohort: evidence to support the role of the PILRA gene in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 44(5), 506-521. Abstract.

Costello H, Hayes GM, Highton-Williamson E, Nurock S, Hanbury D, Francis PT (2017). A pilot study of potential brain donor satisfaction and attitudes towards telephone assessment. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(12), 1247-1256. Abstract.

Datta A, Chai YL, Tan JM, Lee JH, Francis PT, Chen CP, Sze SK, Lai MKP (2017). An iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals dysregulation of neocortical synaptopodin in Lewy body dementias. Molecular brain, 10(1). Abstract.

Lanctôt KL, Agüera-Ortiz L, Brodaty H, Francis PT, Geda YE, Ismail Z, Marshall GA, Mortby ME, Onyike CU, Padala PR, et al (2017). Apathy associated with neurocognitive disorders: Recent progress and future directions. Alzheimer's and Dementia, 13(1), 84-100. Abstract.

Kassaar O, Pereira Morais M, Xu S, Adam EL, Chamberlain RC, Jenkins B, James TD, Francis PT, Ward S, Williams RJ, et al (2017). Corrigendum: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is subjected to glucose modification and oxidation in Alzheimer's Disease. Sci Rep, 7 Author URL.

Hussain AA, Lee Y, Zhang JJ, Francis PT, Marshall J (2017). Disturbed Matrix Metalloproteinase Pathway in Both Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Alzheimer's Disease. Journal of Neurodegenerative Diseases, 2017 Abstract.

Gatt A, Ekonomou A, Somani A, Thuret S, Howlett D, Corbett A, Johnson M, Perry E, Attems J, Francis P, et al (2017). Importance of Proactive Treatment of Depression in Lewy Body Dementias: the Impact on Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Cognition in a Post-Mortem Study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 44(5-6), 283-293. Abstract. Author URL.

Chong JR, Chai YL, Lee JH, Howlett D, Attems J, Ballard CG, Aarsland D, Francis PT, Chen CP, Lai MKP, et al (2017). Increased transforming growth factor β2 in the neocortex of Alzheimer's disease and dementia with lewy bodies is correlated with disease severity and soluble Aβ<inf>42</inf> load. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 56(1), 157-166. 42 load' data-abstract='Background: of the three transforming growth factor (TGF)-β isoforms known, TGFβ1 deficits have been widely reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and studied as a potential therapeutic target. In contrast, the status of TGFβ2, which has been shown to mediate amyloid-β (Aβ)-mediated neuronal death, are unclear both in AD and in Lewy body dementias (LBD) with differential neuritic plaque and neurofibrillary tangle burden. Objective: to measure neocortical TGFβ2 levels and their correlations with neuropathological and clinical markers of disease severity in a well-characterized cohort of AD as well as two clinical subtypes of LBD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), known to manifest relatively high and low Aβ plaque burden, respectively. Methods: Postmortem samples from temporal cortex (BA21) were measured for TGFβ2 using a Luminex-based platform, and correlated with scores for neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, α-synuclein pathology, dementia severity (as measured by annual decline of Mini-Mental State Examination scores) as well as soluble and total fractions of brain Aβ42. Results: TGFβ2 was significantly increased in AD and DLB, but not in PDD. TGFβ2 also correlated with scores for neurofibrillary tangles, Lewy bodies (within the LBD group), dementia severity, and soluble Aβ42 concentration, but not with neuritic plaque scores, total Aβ42, or monomeric α-synuclein immunoreactivity. Conclusions: TGFβ2 is increased in the temporal cortex of AD and DLB, and its correlations with neuropathological and clinical markers of disease severity as well as with soluble Aβ42 load suggest a potential pathogenic role in mediating the neurotoxicity of non-fibrillar Aβ. Our study also indicates the potential utility of targeting TGFβ2 in pharmacotherapeutic approaches to AD and DLB.' onclick='modalCall(this);return false;'>Abstract.

Kassaar O, Morais MP, Xu S, Adam EL, Chamberlain RC, Jenkins B, James T, Francis PT, Ward S, Williams RJ, et al (2017). Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is subjected to glucose modification and oxidation in Alzheimer's Disease. Scientific Reports, 7 Abstract.

Chai YL, Xing H, Chong JR, Francis PT, Ballard CG, Chen CP, Lai MKP (2017). Mitochondrial Translocase of the Outer Membrane Alterations May Underlie Dysfunctional Oxidative Phosphorylation in Alzheimer's Disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 61(2), 793-801. Abstract.

Alghamdi A, Vallortigara J, Howlett DR, Broadstock M, Hortobágyi T, Ballard C, Thomas AJ, O'Brien JT, Aarsland D, Attems J, et al (2017). Reduction of RPT6/S8 (a Proteasome Component) and Proteasome Activity in the Cortex is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Lewy Body Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis, 57(2), 373-386. Abstract. Author URL.

Ferrero H, Solas M, Francis PT, Ramirez MJ (2017). Serotonin 5-HT<inf>6</inf> Receptor Antagonists in Alzheimer’s Disease: Therapeutic Rationale and Current Development Status. CNS Drugs, 31(1), 19-32. Abstract.

Hortobagyi T, Alghamdi A, Vallortigara J, Whitfield D, Howlett D, Broadstock M, Ballard C, Attems J, Aarsland D, Francis PT, et al (2017). [P1–235]: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PATHOLOGY SCORES, CLINICAL DATA AND EXPRESSION LEVELS OF PROTEASOME SUB‐UNITS IN ALZHEIMER's DISEASE AND LEWY BODY DEMENTIAS. Alzheimer's & Dementia, 13(7S_Part_7).

Lee JH, Koh SQ, Guadagna S, Francis PT, Esiri MM, Chen CP, Wong PTH, Dawe GS, Lai MKP (2016). Altered relaxin family receptors RXFP1 and RXFP3 in the neocortex of depressed Alzheimer's disease patients. Psychopharmacology, 233(4), 591-598. Abstract.

Lee C, Low CYB, Francis PT, Attems J, Wong PT-H, Lai MKP, Tan MGK (2016). An isoform-specific role of FynT tyrosine kinase in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem, 136(3), 637-650. Abstract. Author URL.

Vallortigara J, Whitfield D, Quelch W, Alghamdi A, Howlett D, Hortobágyi T, Johnson M, Attems J, O'Brien JT, Thomas A, et al (2016). Decreased Levels of VAMP2 and Monomeric Alpha-Synuclein Correlate with Duration of Dementia. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 50(1), 101-110. Abstract.

Gatt AP, Duncan OF, Attems J, Francis PT, Ballard CG, Bateman JM (2016). Dementia in Parkinson's disease is associated with enhanced mitochondrial complex I deficiency. Movement Disorders, 31(3), 352-359. Abstract.

Xing H, Lim YA, Chong JR, Lee JH, Aarsland D, Ballard CG, Francis PT, Chen CP, Lai MKP (2016). Increased phosphorylation of collapsin response mediator protein-2 at Thr514 correlates with β-amyloid burden and synaptic deficits in Lewy body dementias. Molecular Brain, 9(1). Abstract.

Lee JH, Francis PT, Ballard CG, Aarsland D, Kalaria RN, Wong PTH, Chen CP, Lai MKP (2016). Muscarinic M1 Receptor Coupling to G-protein is Intact in Parkinson's Disease Dementia. Journal of Parkinson's Disease, 6(4), 733-739. Abstract.

Tajeddinn W, Persson T, Calvo-Garrido J, Ahmed MS, Maioli S, Vijayaraghavan S, Kazokoglu MS, Parrado-Fernandez C, Yoshitake T, Kehr J, et al (2016). Pharmacological Modulations of the Serotonergic System in a Cell-Model of Familial Alzheimer's Disease. JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE, 53(1), 349-361. Author URL.

Bereczki E, Francis PT, Howlett D, Pereira JB, Höglund K, Bogstedt A, Cedazo-Minguez A, Baek JH, Hortobágyi T, Attems J, et al (2016). Synaptic proteins predict cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia. Alzheimer's and Dementia, 12(11), 1149-1158. Abstract.

Baek JH, Whitfield D, Howlett D, Francis P, Bereczki E, Ballard C, Hortobágyi T, Attems J, Aarsland D (2016). Unfolded protein response is activated in Lewy body dementias. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 42(4), 352-365. Abstract.

Tajeddinn W, Persson T, Maioli S, Calvo-Garrido J, Parrado-Fernandez C, Yoshitake T, Kehr J, Francis P, Winblad B, Hoglund K, et al (2015). 5-HT1B and other related serotonergic proteins are altered in APPswe mutation. NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS, 594, 137-143. Author URL.

Whitfield DR, Vallortigara J, Alghamdi A, Hortobágyi T, Ballard C, Thomas AJ, O'Brien JT, Aarsland D, Francis PT (2015). Depression and synaptic zinc regulation in alzheimer disease, dementia with lewy bodies, and parkinson disease dementia. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(2), 141-148. Abstract.

Cox CJ, Choudhry F, Peacey E, Perkinton MS, Richardson JC, Howlett DR, Lichtenthaler SF, Francis PT, Williams RJ (2015). Dietary (-)-epicatechin as a potent inhibitor of βγ-secretase amyloid precursor protein processing. Neurobiol Aging, 36(1), 178-187. Abstract. Author URL.

Mohamed N-E, Lee JH, Francis PT, Esiri MM, Chen CP, Lai MKP (2015). Differential alterations of neocortical GluN receptor subunits in patients with mixed subcortical ischemic vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis, 44(2), 431-437. Abstract. Author URL.

Howlett DR, Whitfield D, Johnson M, Attems J, O'Brien JT, Aarsland D, Lai MKP, Lee JH, Chen C, Ballard C, et al (2015). Regional Multiple Pathology Scores Are Associated with Cognitive Decline in Lewy Body Dementias. Brain Pathology, 25(4), 401-408. Abstract.

Howlett DR, Attems J, Francis PT (2015). Spreading pathologies precede cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry, 77(8), 678-679. Author URL.

Ekonomou A, Savva GM, Brayne C, Forster G, Francis PT, Johnson M, Perry EK, Attems J, Somani A, Minger SL, et al (2015). Stage-specific changes in neurogenic and glial markers in Alzheimer's disease. Biological Psychiatry, 77(8), 711-719. Abstract.

Whitfield DR, Vallortigara J, Alghamdi A, Howlett D, Hortobágyi T, Johnson M, Attems J, Newhouse S, Ballard C, Thomas AJ, et al (2014). Assessment of ZnT3 and PSD95 protein levels in Lewy body dementias and Alzheimer's disease: Association with cognitive impairment. Neurobiology of Aging, 35(12), 2836-2844. Abstract.

Gatt AP, Jones EL, Francis PT, Ballard C, Bateman JM (2014). Corrigendum to Association of a polymorphism in mitochondrial transcription factor a (TFAM) with Parkinson's disease dementia but not dementia with Lewy bodies [Neurosci. Lett. 557, (2013), 177-180]. Neuroscience Letters, 563

Mohamed NE, Howlett DR, Ma L, Francis PT, Aarsland D, Ballard CG, McKeith IG, Chen CP, Lai MKP (2014). Decreased immunoreactivities of neocortical AMPA receptor subunits correlate with motor disability in Lewy body dementias. Journal of Neural Transmission, 121(1), 71-78. Abstract.

Tan MGK, Lee C, Lee JH, Francis PT, Williams RJ, Ramírez MJ, Chen CP, Wong PT-H, Lai MKP (2014). Decreased rabphilin 3A immunoreactivity in Alzheimer's disease is associated with Aβ burden. Neurochem Int, 64, 29-36. Abstract. Author URL.

Mulugeta E, Vallortigara J, Francis PT, Hye A, Kalaria RN, Perry EK, Lovestone S, Ballard CG (2014). Dynamin protein in stroke and vascular dementia. Neuroscience Letters, 563, 118-122. Abstract.

Vallortigara J, Rangarajan S, Whitfield D, Alghamdi A, Howlett D, Hortobágyi T, Johnson M, Attems J, Ballard C, Thomas A, et al (2014). Dynamin1 concentration in the prefrontal cortex is associated with cognitive impairment in Lewy body dementia. F1000Research, 3 Abstract.

Ballard C, Aarsland D, Francis P, Corbett A (2014). Erratum to: Neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementias associated with cortical Lewy bodies: Pathophysiology, clinical features, and pharmacological management (Drugs Aging (2013) 30, (603-611) DOI: 10.1007/s40266-013-0092-x). Drugs and Aging, 31(8).

Datta A, Qian J, Chong R, Kalaria RN, Francis P, Lai MKP, Chen CP, Sze SK (2014). Novel pathophysiological markers are revealed by iTRAQ-based quantitative clinical proteomics approach in vascular dementia. JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS, 99, 54-67. Author URL.

Ballard C, Francis P, Corbett A (2014). Randomized controlled trial of mibampator for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: comments on the trial and thoughts for future studies - ADDENDUM. Int Psychogeriatr Author URL.

Ramirez MJ, Lai MKP, Tordera RM, Francis PT (2014). Serotonergic therapies for cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: rationale and current status. Drugs, 74(7), 729-736. Abstract. Author URL.

Gatt AP, Jones EL, Francis PT, Ballard C, Bateman JM (2013). Association of a polymorphism in mitochondrial transcription factor a (TFAM) with Parkinson's disease dementia but not dementia with Lewy bodies. Neuroscience Letters, 557(PB), 177-180. Abstract.

Solas M, Francis PT, Franco R, Ramirez MJ (2013). CB2 receptor and amyloid pathology in frontal cortex of Alzheimer's disease patients. Neurobiol Aging, 34(3), 805-808. Abstract. Author URL.

Howlett DR, Hortobágyi T, Francis PT (2013). Clusterin associates specifically with Aβ40 in Alzheimer's disease brain tissue. Brain Pathol, 23(6), 623-632. Abstract. Author URL.

Bajic N, Jenner P, Ballard CG, Francis PT (2013). Erratum: Proteasome inhibition leads to early loss of synaptic proteins in neuronal culture (Journal of Neural Transmission (2012) 119 (1467-1476) DOI:10.1007/s00702-012-0816-9). Journal of Neural Transmission, 120(7).

Ballard C, Aarsland D, Francis P, Corbett A (2013). Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Dementias Associated with Cortical Lewy Bodies: Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, and Pharmacological Management. Drugs & Aging, 30(8), 603-611.

Geda YE, Schneider LS, Gitlin LN, Miller DS, Smith GS, Bell J, Evans J, Lee M, Porsteinsson A, Lanctôt KL, et al (2013). Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: Past progress and anticipation of the future. Alzheimer's and Dementia, 9(5), 602-608. Abstract.

Ballard C, Francis P, Corbett A (2013). Randomized controlled trial of mibampator for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: comments on the trial and thoughts for future studies. International Psychogeriatrics, 25(5), 687-689. Abstract.

Corbett A, Francis P, Ballard C (2013). Safety and efficacy of memantine extended-release in the management of alzheimer's disease. Clinical Medicine Insights: Therapeutics, 5, 95-102. Abstract.

Vagnoni A, Perkinton MS, Gray EH, Francis PT, Noble W, Miller CCJ (2012). Calsyntenin-1 mediates axonal transport of the amyloid precursor protein and regulates Aβ production. Hum Mol Genet, 21(13), 2845-2854. Abstract. Author URL.

Hanney M, Prasher V, Williams N, Jones EL, Aarsland D, Corbett A, Lawrence D, Yu L-M, Tyrer S, Francis PT, et al (2012). Memantine for dementia in adults older than 40 years with Down's syndrome (MEADOWS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. LANCET, 379(9815), 528-536. Author URL.

Guadagna S, Bundgaard C, Hovelsø N, Volbracht C, Francis PT, Egebjerg J, Sotty F (2012). Memantine potentiates hippocampal θ oscillations at a therapeutic dose in anesthetized mice: a mechanistic link to its cognitive-enhancing properties. Neuropharmacology, 62(7), 2208-2218. Abstract. Author URL.

Choudhry F, Howlett DR, Richardson JC, Francis PT, Williams RJ (2012). Pro-oxidant diet enhances β/γ secretase-mediated APP processing in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Neurobiol Aging, 33(5), 960-968. Abstract. Author URL.

Bajic N, Jenner P, Ballard CG, Francis PT (2012). Proteasome inhibition leads to early loss of synaptic proteins in neuronal culture. Journal of Neural Transmission, 119(12), 1467-1476. Abstract.

Francis PT, Parsons CG, Jones RW (2012). Rationale for combining glutamatergic and cholinergic approaches in the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Expert Rev Neurother, 12(11), 1351-1365. Abstract. Author URL.

Broadstock M, Lewinsky R, Jones EL, Mitchelmore C, Howlett DR, Francis PT (2012). Synaptic protein expression is regulated by a pro-oxidant diet in APPxPS1 mice. J Neural Transm (Vienna), 119(4), 493-496. Abstract. Author URL.

Guadagna S, Esiri MM, Williams RJ, Francis PT (2012). Tau phosphorylation in human brain: relationship to behavioral disturbance in dementia. Neurobiol Aging, 33(12), 2798-2806. Abstract. Author URL.

Burns A, Perry E, Holmes C, Francis P, Morris J, Howes MJR, Chazot P, Lees G, Ballard C (2011). A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of melissa officinalis oil and donepezil for the treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 31(2), 158-164. Abstract.

Clarke NA, Hartmann T, Jones EL, Ballard CG, Francis PT (2011). Antipsychotic medication is associated with selective alterations in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid Aβ 40 and tau in patients with intractable unipolar depression. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26(12), 1283-1291. Abstract.

Kooi E-J, Prins M, Bajic N, Beliën JAM, Gerritsen WH, van Horssen J, Aronica E, van Dam A-M, Hoozemans JJM, Francis PT, et al (2011). Cholinergic imbalance in the multiple sclerosis hippocampus. Acta Neuropathol, 122(3), 313-322. Abstract. Author URL.

Palmer AM, Sims NR, Francis PT (2011). David Bowen, 1940-2011 OBITUARY. JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, 119(5), 1151-1153. Author URL.

Lai MKP, Tsang SW, Esiri MM, Francis PT, Wong PT-H, Chen CP (2011). Differential involvement of hippocampal serotonin1A receptors and re-uptake sites in non-cognitive behaviors of Alzheimer's disease. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 213(2-3), 431-439. Abstract. Author URL.

Jones EL, Kalaria RN, Sharp SI, O'Brien JT, Francis PT, Ballard CG (2011). Genetic associations of autopsy-confirmed vascular dementia subtypes. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 31(4), 247-253. Abstract.

Öhrfelt A, Zetterberg H, Andersson K, Persson R, Secic D, Brinkmalm G, Wallin A, Mulugeta E, Francis PT, Vanmechelen E, et al (2011). Identification of novel α-synuclein isoforms in human brain tissue by using an online NanoLC-ESI-FTICR-MS method. Neurochemical Research, 36(11), 2029-2042. Abstract.

Gaeta A, Molina-Holgado F, Kong XL, Salvage S, Fakih S, Francis PT, Williams RJ, Hider RC (2011). Synthesis, physical-chemical characterisation and biological evaluation of novel 2-amido-3-hydroxypyridin-4(1H)-ones: Iron chelators with the potential for treating Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem, 19(3), 1285-1297. Abstract. Author URL.

Tsang SW, Keene J, Hope T, Spence I, Francis PT, Wong PT-H, Chen CP, Lai MK (2010). A serotoninergic basis for hyperphagic eating changes in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Sci, 288(1-2), 151-155. Abstract. Author URL.

Aisa B, Gil-Bea FJ, Solas M, García-Alloza M, Chen CP, Lai MK, Francis PT, Ramírez MJ (2010). Altered NCAM expression associated with the cholinergic system in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis, 20(2), 659-668. Abstract. Author URL.

Thambisetty M, Simmons A, Velayudhan L, Hye A, Campbell J, Zhang Y, Wahlund L-O, Westman E, Kinsey A, Güntert A, et al (2010). Association of plasma clusterin concentration with severity, pathology, and progression in Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 67(7), 739-748. Abstract. Author URL.

Lee JH, Agacinski G, Williams JH, Wilcock GK, Esiri MM, Francis PT, Wong PT-H, Chen CP, Lai MKP (2010). Intact cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the Alzheimer's disease cortex. Neurochem Int, 57(8), 985-989. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Ramírez MJ, Lai MK (2010). Neurochemical basis for symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology, 59(4-5), 221-229. Abstract. Author URL.

Ash ES, Alavijeh MS, Palmer AM, Mitchelmore C, Howlett DR, Francis PT, Broadstock M, Richardson JC (2010). Neurochemical changes in a double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease fed a pro-oxidant diet. Neurochem Int, 57(5), 504-511. Abstract. Author URL.

Kirvell SL, Elliott MS, Kalaria RN, Hortobágyi T, Ballard CG, Francis PT (2010). Vesicular glutamate transporter and cognition in stroke: a case-control autopsy study. Neurology, 75(20), 1803-1809. Abstract.

Ballard C, Jones EL, Londos E, Minthon L, Francis P, Aarsland D (2010). α-synuclein antibodies recognize a protein present at lower levels in the CSF of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies. International Psychogeriatrics, 22(2), 321-327. Abstract.

Francis PT (2009). Altered glutamate neurotransmission and behaviour in dementia: evidence from studies of memantine. Curr Mol Pharmacol, 2(1), 77-82. Abstract. Author URL.

Jones EL, Hanney M, Francis PT, Ballard CG (2009). Amyloid β concentrations in older people with Down syndrome and dementia. Neuroscience Letters, 451(2), 162-164. Abstract.

Francis PT (2009). Biochemical and pathological correlates of cognitive and behavioural change in DLB/PDD. J Neurol, 256 Suppl 3, 280-285. Abstract. Author URL.

Sharp SI, Francis PT, Elliott MSJ, Kalaria RN, Bajic N, Hortobagyi T, Ballard CG (2009). Choline acetyltransferase activity in vascular dementia and stroke. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 28(3), 233-238. Abstract.

Huang L, Abuhamdah S, Howes MJR, Dixon CL, Elliot MSJ, Ballard C, Holmes C, Burns A, Perry EK, Francis PT, et al (2009). Erratum: Pharmacological profile of essential oils derived from Lavandula angustifolia and Melissa officinalis with anti-agitation properties: Focus on ligand-gated channels (Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (2008) 59 (1515-1522)). Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 61(2).

Elliott MSJ, Ballard CG, Kalaria RN, Perry R, Hortobágyi T, Francis PT (2009). Increased binding to 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors is associated with large vessel infarction and relative preservation of cognition. Brain, 132(Pt 7), 1858-1865. Abstract. Author URL.

Huang L, Abuhamdah S, Howes M-JR, Dixon CL, Elliot MSJ, Ballard C, Holmes C, Burns A, Perry EK, Francis PT, et al (2009). Pharmacological profile of essential oils derived from Lavandula angustifolia and Melissa officinalis with anti-agitation properties: focus on ligand-gated channels (vol 59, pg 1515, 2008). JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY, 61(2), 267-267. Author URL.

Abbott JJ, Howlett DR, Francis PT, Williams RJ (2008). Abeta(1-42) modulation of Akt phosphorylation via alpha7 nAChR and NMDA receptors. Neurobiol Aging, 29(7), 992-1001. Abstract. Author URL.

Sharp SI, Ballard CG, Ziabreva I, Piggott MA, Perry RH, Perry EK, Aarsland D, Ehrt U, Larsen JP, Francis PT, et al (2008). Cortical serotonin 1A receptor levels are associated with depression in patients with dementia with lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 26(4), 330-338. Abstract.

Francis PT (2008). Glutamatergic approaches to the treatment of cognitive and behavioural symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Neurodegener Dis, 5(3-4), 241-243. Abstract. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Procter AW, Mann DMA, Snowden JS, Esiri MM, Neary D, Francis PT (2008). Imbalance of a serotonergic system in frontotemporal dementia: implication for pharmacotherapy. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 196(4), 603-610. Abstract. Author URL.

Mulugeta E, Molina-Holgado F, Elliott MS, Hortobagyi T, Perry R, Kalaria RN, Ballard CG, Francis PT (2008). Inflammatory mediators in the frontal lobe of patients with mixed and vascular dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 25(3), 278-286. Abstract. Author URL.

Marcos B, García-Alloza M, Gil-Bea FJ, Chuang TT, Francis PT, Chen CP, Tsang SWTY, Lai MKP, Ramirez MJ (2008). Involvement of an altered 5-HT -{6} receptor function in behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis, 14(1), 43-50. Abstract. Author URL.

Tsang SWY, Francis PT, Esiri MM, Wong PTH, Chen CPLH, Lai MKP (2008). Loss of [3H]4-DAMP binding to muscarinic receptors in the orbitofrontal cortex of Alzheimer's disease patients with psychosis. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 198(2), 251-259. Abstract. Author URL.

Molina-Holgado F, Gaeta A, Francis PT, Williams RJ, Hider RC (2008). Neuroprotective actions of deferiprone in cultured cortical neurones and SHSY-5Y cells. J Neurochem, 105(6), 2466-2476. Abstract. Author URL.

Abuhamdah S, Huang L, Elliott MSJ, Howes MJR, Ballard C, Holmes C, Burns A, Perry EK, Francis PT, Lees G, et al (2008). Pharmacological profile of an essential oil derived from Melissa officinalis with anti-agitation properties: Focus on ligand-gated channels. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 60(3), 377-384. Abstract.

Huang L, Abuhamdah S, Howes MJR, Elliot MSJ, Ballard C, Holmes C, Burns A, Perry EK, Francis PT, Lees G, et al (2008). Pharmacological profile of essential oils derived from Lavandula angustifolia and Melissa officinalis with anti-agitation properties: Focus on ligand-gated channels. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 60(11), 1515-1522. Abstract.

Lai MKP, Tan MGK, Kirvell S, Hobbs C, Lee J, Esiri MM, Chen CP, Francis PT (2008). Selective loss of P2Y<inf>2</inf> nucleotide receptor immunoreactivity is associated with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. Journal of Neural Transmission, 115(8), 1165-1172. Abstract.

Sharp SI, Ballard CG, Chen CPLH, Francis PT (2007). Aggressive behavior and neuroleptic medication are associated with increased number of alpha1-adrenoceptors in patients with alzheimer disease. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(5), 435-437. Abstract.

Francis PT, Perry EK (2007). Cholinergic and other neurotransmitter mechanisms in Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies. Mov Disord, 22 Suppl 17, S351-S357. Abstract. Author URL.

Kirvell SL, Esiri M, Francis PT (2007). Down-regulation of vesicular glutamate transporters precedes cell loss and pathology in Alzheimer's disease. (vol 98, pg 939, 2006). JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, 100(6), 1713-1713. Author URL.

Holmes C, McCulley M, Nicoll JAR, Alder JT, Chen CPL-H, Francis PT (2007). Genetic variation in the 5-HT2A receptor and altered neocortical [3H] ketanserin binding in Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett, 420(1), 58-60. Abstract. Author URL.

Elliott MSJ, Abuhamdah S, Howes MJR, Lees G, Ballard CG, Holmes C, Burns A, Chazot PL, Perry EK, Francis PT, et al (2007). The essential oils from Melissa officinalis L. and Lavandula angustifolia Mill. as potential treatment for agitation in people with severe dementia. International Journal of Essential Oil Therapeutics, 1(4), 143-152. Abstract.

Jacobs EH, Williams RJ, Francis PT (2006). Cyclin-dependent kinase 5, Munc18a and Munc18-interacting protein 1/X11alpha protein up-regulation in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience, 138(2), 511-522. Abstract. Author URL.

Kirvell SL, Esiri M, Francis PT (2006). Down-regulation of vesicular glutamate transporters precedes cell loss and pathology in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem, 98(3), 939-950. Abstract. Author URL.

Tsang SWY, Lai MKP, Kirvell S, Francis PT, Esiri MM, Hope T, Chen CPL-H, Wong PT-H (2006). Impaired coupling of muscarinic M1 receptors to G-proteins in the neocortex is associated with severity of dementia in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging, 27(9), 1216-1223. Abstract. Author URL.

Garcia-Alloza M, Tsang SW, Gil-Bea FJ, Francis PT, Lai MK, Marcos B, Chen CP, Ramirez MJ (2006). Involvement of the GABAergic system in depressive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging, 27(8), 1110-1117. Abstract. Author URL.

Lai MKP, Tsang SWY, Garcia-Alloza M, Minger SL, Nicoll JAR, Esiri MM, Wong PT-H, Chen CPL-H, Ramírez MJ, Francis PT, et al (2006). Selective effects of the APOE epsilon4 allele on presynaptic cholinergic markers in the neocortex of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis, 22(3), 555-561. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Nordberg A, Arnold SE (2005). A preclinical view of cholinesterase inhibitors in neuroprotection: do they provide more than symptomatic benefits in Alzheimer's disease?. Trends Pharmacol Sci, 26(2), 104-111. Abstract. Author URL.

Clarke NA, Francis PT (2005). Cholinergic and glutamatergic drugs in Alzheimer's disease therapy. Expert Rev Neurother, 5(5), 671-682. Abstract. Author URL.

Garcia-Alloza M, Gil-Bea FJ, Diez-Ariza M, Chen CPL-H, Francis PT, Lasheras B, Ramirez MJ (2005). Cholinergic-serotonergic imbalance contributes to cognitive and behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychologia, 43(3), 442-449. Abstract. Author URL.

Lai MK, Tsang SW, Alder JT, Keene J, Hope T, Esiri MM, Francis PT, Chen CP (2005). Loss of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in the postmortem temporal cortex correlates with rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 179(3), 673-677. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT (2005). Neuroanatomy/pathology and the interplay of neurotransmitters in moderate to severe Alzheimer disease. Neurology, 65(6 SUPPL. 3). Abstract.

Francis PT (2005). Neuroanatomy/pathology and the interplay of neurotransmitters in moderate to severe Alzheimer disease. NEUROLOGY, 65(6), S5-S9. Author URL.

Sharp SI, Francis PT, Ballard CG (2005). Neurochemistry of severe dementia. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 15(2), 105-123.

Francis PT (2005). The Interplay of Neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's Disease. CNS SPECTRUMS, 10(11), 6-9. Author URL.

Francis PT (2005). The interplay of neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Spectrums, 10(11 SUPPL. 18), 6-9. Abstract.

Francis PT (2005). The interplay of neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Spectr, 10(11 Suppl 18), 6-9. Abstract. Author URL.

Ramírez MJ, Honer WG, Minger SL, Francis PT (2004). Changes in hippocampal SNAP-25 expression following afferent lesions. Brain Res, 997(1), 133-135. Abstract. Author URL.

Wilkinson DG, Francis PT, Schwam E, Payne-Parrish J (2004). Cholinesterase inhibitors used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: the relationship between pharmacological effects and clinical efficacy. Drugs Aging, 21(7), 453-478. Abstract. Author URL.

Garcia-Alloza M, Hirst WD, Chen CPL-H, Lasheras B, Francis PT, Ramírez MJ (2004). Differential involvement of 5-HT(1B/1D) and 5-HT6 receptors in cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychopharmacology, 29(2), 410-416. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT (2003). Glutamatergic systems in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 18(Suppl 1), S15-S21. Abstract. Author URL.

Lai MKP, Tsang SWY, Francis PT, Esiri MM, Keene J, Hope T, Chen CPL-H (2003). Reduced serotonin 5-HT1A receptor binding in the temporal cortex correlates with aggressive behavior in Alzheimer disease. Brain Res, 974(1-2), 82-87. Abstract. Author URL.

Tsang SWY, Lai MKP, Francis PT, Wong PTH, Spence I, Esiri MM, Keene J, Hope T, Chen CPLH (2003). Serotonin transporters are preserved in the neocortex of anxious Alzheimer's disease patients. NeuroReport, 14(10), 1297-1300. Abstract.

Tsang SWY, Lai MKP, Francis PT, Wong PT-H, Spence I, Esiri MM, Keene J, Hope T, Chen CPL-H (2003). Serotonin transporters are preserved in the neocortex of anxious Alzheimer's disease patients. Neuroreport, 14(10), 1297-1300. Abstract. Author URL.

Lai MK, Tsang SW, Francis PT, Esiri MM, Hope T, Lai OF, Spence I, Chen CP (2003). [3H]GR113808 binding to serotonin 5-HT(4) receptors in the postmortem neocortex of Alzheimer disease: a clinicopathological study. J Neural Transm (Vienna), 110(7), 779-788. Abstract. Author URL.

Lai MK, Tsang SW, Francis PT, Esiri MM, Hope T, Lai OF, Spence I, Chen CP (2003). [3H]GR113808 binding to serotonin 5-HT<inf>4</inf> receptors in the postmortem neocortex of Alzheimer disease: a clinicopathological study. Journal of Neural Transmission, 110(7), 779-788. Abstract.

Honer WG, Minger SL, Francis PT (2002). Commentary on "Synaptic pathology in prefrontal cortex is present only with severe dementia" - Response. JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY, 61(3), 295-296. Author URL.

Honer WG, Minger SL, Francis PT (2002). Letter to the editor. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 61(3).

McKeel DW, Masliah E, Hansen LA, Morris JC, Honer WG, Minger SL, Francis PT (2002). Letter to the editor (multiple letters). Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 61(3), 295-296.

Matthews KL, Chen CPL-H, Esiri MM, Keene J, Minger SL, Francis PT (2002). Noradrenergic changes, aggressive behavior, and cognition in patients with dementia. Biol Psychiatry, 51(5), 407-416. Abstract. Author URL.

Lai MKP, Tsang SWY, Francis PT, Keene J, Hope T, Esiri MM, Spence I, Chen CPL-H (2002). Postmortem serotoninergic correlates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroreport, 13(9), 1175-1178. Abstract. Author URL.

Cidis Meltzer C, Francis PT (2001). Brain aging research at the close of the 20th century: from bench to bedside. Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 3(3), 167-180. Abstract. Author URL.

Ramirez MJ, Ridley RM, Baker HF, Maclean CJ, Honer WG, Francis PT (2001). Chronic elevation of amyloid precursor protein in the neocortex or hippocampus of marmosets with selective cholinergic lesions. J Neural Transm (Vienna), 108(7), 809-826. Abstract. Author URL.

Ramirez MJ, Heslop KE, Francis PT, Rattray M (2001). Expression of amyloid precursor protein, tau and presenilin RNAs in rat hippocampus following deafferentation lesions. Brain Res, 907(1-2), 222-232. Abstract. Author URL.

Lai MK, Lai OF, Keene J, Esiri MM, Francis PT, Hope T, Chen CP (2001). Psychosis of Alzheimer's disease is associated with elevated muscarinic M2 binding in the cortex. Neurology, 57(5), 805-811. Abstract. Author URL.

Minger SL, Honer WG, Esiri MM, McDonald B, Keene J, Nicoll JA, Carter J, Hope T, Francis PT (2001). Synaptic pathology in prefrontal cortex is present only with severe dementia in Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 60(10), 929-936. Abstract. Author URL.

Clarke NA, Soininen H, Gustafson L, Minthon L, Alhainen K, Francis PT (2001). Tacrine may alter APP-like protein levels in the lumbar CSF of Alzheimer patients. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 16(11), 1104-1106. Author URL.

Minger SL, Esiri MM, McDonald B, Keene J, Carter J, Hope T, Francis PT (2000). Cholinergic deficits contribute to behavioral disturbance in patients with dementia. Neurology, 55(10), 1460-1467. Abstract. Author URL.

Chen CP, Eastwood SL, Hope T, McDonald B, Francis PT, Esiri MM (2000). Immunocytochemical study of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei in patients with Alzheimer's disease prospectively assessed for behavioural changes. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 26(4), 347-355. Abstract. Author URL.

Webster MT, Amin N, Pearce B, Francis PT (1999). Glutamate toxicity in rat cultured neurones: effects on amyloid precursor-like protein 2. Neurosci Lett, 276(2), 107-110. Abstract. Author URL.

Procter AW, Qurne M, Francis PT (1999). Neurochemical features of frontotemporal dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 10 Suppl 1, 80-84. Abstract. Author URL.

Babic T, Francis PT, Palmer AM, Snape M, Wilcock GK (1999). The cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: a review of progress (multiple letters) [11]. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 67(4).

Francis PT, Palmer AM, Snape M, Wilcock GK (1999). The cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: a review of progress - Reply. JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY, 67(4), 558-558. Author URL.

Francis PT, Palmer AM, Snape M, Wilcock GK (1999). The cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: a review of progress. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 66(2), 137-147. Abstract. Author URL.

Chen CP, Alder JT, Bray L, Kingsbury AE, Francis PT, Foster OJ (1998). Post-synaptic 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors are increased in Parkinson's disease neocortex. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 861, 288-289. Author URL.

Webster MT, Pearce BR, Bowen DM, Francis PT (1998). The effects of perturbed energy metabolism on the processing of amyloid precursor protein in PC12 cells. J Neural Transm (Vienna), 105(8-9), 839-853. Abstract. Author URL.

Heath PR, Chessell IP, Sanders MW, Francis PT, Bowen DM, Pearson RC (1997). Neuronal degeneration by suicide transport following injection of volkensin into rat cerebral cortex. Exp Neurol, 147(1), 192-203. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Chessell IP, Bowen DM (1997). New approaches to imaging based on effects of neurotoxins. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 8(2), 117-122. Abstract. Author URL.

Chessell IP, Pearson RC, Heath PR, Bown DM, Francis PT (1997). Selective loss of cholinergic receptors following unilateral intracortical injection of volkensin. Exp Neurol, 147(1), 183-191. Abstract. Author URL.

Palmer AM, Francis PT (1996). Alzheimer's disease: from acetylcholine to beta-amyloid. A tribute to the work of Professor David M. Bowen. Neurodegeneration, 5(4), 379-380. Author URL.

Chen CPLH, Alder JT, Bowen DM, Esiri MM, McDonald B, Hope T, Jobst KA, Francis PT (1996). Presynaptic serotonergic markers in community-acquired cases of Alzheimer's disease: Correlations with depression and neuroleptic medication. JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, 66(4), 1592-1598. Author URL.

Francis PT (1996). Pyramidal neurone modulation: a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Neurodegeneration, 5(4), 461-465. Abstract. Author URL.

Harder JA, Maclean CJ, Alder JT, Francis PT, Ridley RM (1996). The 5-HT(1A) antagonist, WAY 100635, ameliorates the cognitive impairment induced by fornix transection in the marmoset. Psychopharmacology, 127(3), 245-254. Abstract.

Harder JA, Maclean CJ, Alder JT, Francis PT, Ridley RM (1996). The 5-HT1A antagonist, WAY 100635, ameliorates the cognitive impairment induced by fornix transection in the marmoset. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 127(3), 245-254. Abstract. Author URL.

Webster MT, Groome N, Francis PT, Pearce BR, Sherriff FE, Thinakaran G, Felsenstein KM, Wasco W, Tanzi RE, Bowen DM, et al (1995). A novel protein, amyloid precursor-like protein 2, is present in human brain, cerebrospinal fluid and conditioned media. Biochem J, 310 ( Pt 1)(Pt 1), 95-99. Abstract. Author URL.

Chessell IP, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1995). Changes in cortical nicotinic acetylcholine receptor numbers following unilateral destruction of pyramidal neurones by intrastriatal volkensin injection. NEURODEGENERATION, 4(4), 415-424. Author URL.

Dijk SN, Francis PT, Stratmann GC, Bowen DM (1995). Cholinomimetics increase glutamate outflow via an action on the corticostriatal pathway: implications for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem, 65(5), 2165-2169. Abstract. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, DIJK SN, CHEN C, BOWEN DM (1995). METABOLIC AND FUNCTIONAL DEFICITS IN ALZHEIMER-DISEASE IN RELATION TO TREATMENT. DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN DYSFUNCTION, 8(1), 25-34. Author URL.

Dijk SN, Francis PT, Stratmann GC, Bowen DM (1995). NMDA-induced glutamate and aspartate release from rat cortical pyramidal neurones: evidence for modulation by a 5-HT1A antagonist. Br J Pharmacol, 115(7), 1169-1174. Abstract. Author URL.

Qume M, Misra A, Zeman S, Boddy JL, Cross AJ, Francis PT, Procter AW, Mann DM, Bowen DM (1995). Non-serotonergic profiles of lobar atrophies. Biochem Soc Trans, 23(4). Author URL.

Qume M, Misra A, Zeman S, Muthu J, Cross AJ, Francis PT, Procter AW, Neary D, Bowen DM (1995). Serotonergic profiles of lobar atrophies. Biochem Soc Trans, 23(4). Author URL.

Chessell IP, Francis PT, Webster MT, Procter AW, Heath PR, Pearson RC, Bowen DM (1994). An aspect of Alzheimer neuropathology after suicide transport damage. J Neural Transm Suppl, 44, 231-243. Abstract. Author URL.

PROCTER AW, FRANCIS PT, HOLMES C, WEBSTER MT, QUME M, STRATMANN GC, DOSHI R, MANN DMA, HARRISON PJ, PEARSON RCA, et al (1994). BETA-AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN ISOFORMS SHOW CORRELATIONS WITH NEURONS BUT NOT WITH GLIA OF DEMENTED SUBJECTS. ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA, 88(6), 545-552. Author URL.

Stratmann GC, Webster MT, Francis PT, Procter AW, Bowen DM (1994). Brain membrane serine protease activity in human cortex compared with rat: implication for Alzheimer's disease. Dementia, 5(2), 62-68. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Bowen DM (1994). Neuronal pathology in relation to molecular biology and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Cell Biol Hum Dis Ser, 4, 25-54. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Chessell IP, Webster MT (1994). Neurotransmission--the link integrating Alzheimer research?. Trends Neurosci, 17(4), 149-150. Author URL.

Webster MT, Francis PT, Procter AW, Stratmann GC, Doshi R, Mann DM, Bowen DM (1994). Postmortem brains reveal similar but not identical amyloid precursor protein-like immunoreactivity in Alzheimer compared with other dementias. Brain Res, 644(2), 347-351. Abstract. Author URL.

Procter AW, Francis PT, Holmes C, Webster MT, Qume M, Stratmann GC, Doshi R, Mann DMA, Harrison PJ, Pearson RCA, et al (1994). β-Amyloid precursor protein isoforms show correlations with neurones but not with glia of demented subjects. Acta Neuropathologica, 88(6), 545-552. Abstract.

Chessell IP, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1993). A cortical pyramidal neurone neurotransmitter receptor that may affect beta-amyloid precursor protein. Biochem Soc Trans, 21 ( Pt 3)(3). Author URL.

Francis PT, Pangalos MN, Stephens PH, Bartlett JR, Bridges PK, Malizia AL, Neary D, Procter AW, Thomas DJ, Bowen DM, et al (1993). Antemortem measurements of neurotransmission: possible implications for pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease and depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 56(1), 80-84. Abstract. Author URL.

CLARKE NA, WEBSTER MT, FRANCIS PT, PROCTER AW, HODGKISS AD, BOWEN DM (1993). BETA-AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY CAN BE ALTERED IN HUMANS BY DRUGS AFFECTING NEUROTRANSMITTER FUNCTION. NEURODEGENERATION, 2(4), 243-248. Author URL.

Francis PT, Sims NR, Procter AW, Bowen DM (1993). Cortical pyramidal neurone loss may cause glutamatergic hypoactivity and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease: investigative and therapeutic perspectives. J Neurochem, 60(5), 1589-1604. Author URL.

Clarke NA, Procter AW, Webster MT, Francis PT, Hodgkiss AD, Bowen DM (1993). Effect of Li+ therapy and site of origin on cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid precursor protein derivatives. Biochem Soc Trans, 21 ( Pt 3)(3). Author URL.

Webster MT, Vekrellis K, Francis PT, Pearce BR, Bowen DM (1993). Factors affecting the beta-amyloid precursor in PC12 cells. Biochem Soc Trans, 21 ( Pt 3)(3). Author URL.

CHESSELL IP, FRANCIS PT, PANGALOS MN, PEARSON RCA, BOWEN DM (1993). LOCALIZATION OF MUSCARINIC (M(1)) AND OTHER NEUROTRANSMITTER RECEPTORS ON CORTICOFUGAL-PROJECTING PYRAMIDAL NEURONS. BRAIN RESEARCH, 632(1-2), 86-94. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Pangalos MN, Chessell IP (1993). Neurotransmitter receptors of rat cortical pyramidal neurones: implications for in vivo imaging and therapy. J Reprod Fertil Suppl, 46, 131-143. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Webster MT, Chessell IP, Holmes C, Stratmann GC, Procter AW, Cross AJ, Green AR, Bowen DM (1993). Neurotransmitters and second messengers in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 695, 19-26. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Holmes C, Webster MT, Stratmann GC, Procter AW, Bowen DM (1993). Preliminary neurochemical findings in non-Alzheimer dementia due to lobar atrophy. Dementia, 4(3-4), 172-177. Abstract. Author URL.

Stratmann GC, Webster MT, Bhogal G, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1993). Protease "Clipsin" activity and beta-amyloid precursor protein degradation by Alzheimer brain. Biochem Soc Trans, 21 ( Pt 3)(3). Author URL.

Holmes C, Webster MT, Procter AW, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1993). Relationship between beta-amyloid precursor protein, pyramidal neurones and astrocytes in human neocortex. Biochem Soc Trans, 21 ( Pt 3)(3). Author URL.

Francis PT, Webster MT, Procter AW, Clarke NA, Bowen DM, Doshi R, Mann DM, Neary D (1993). Soluble beta-amyloid precursor protein and pyramidal neuron loss. Lancet, 341(8842). Author URL.

Francis PT, Pangalos MN, Pearson RC, Middlemiss DN, Stratmann GC, Bowen DM (1992). 5-Hydroxytryptamine1A but not 5-hydroxytryptamine2 receptors are enriched on neocortical pyramidal neurones destroyed by intrastriatal volkensin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 261(3), 1273-1281. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Pangalos MN, Bowen DM (1992). Animal and drug modelling for Alzheimer synaptic pathology. Prog Neurobiol, 39(5), 517-545. Author URL.

Pangalos MN, Malizia AL, Francis PT, Lowe SL, Bertolucci PH, Procter AW, Bridges PK, Bartlett JR, Bowen DM (1992). Effect of psychotropic drugs on excitatory amino acids in patients undergoing psychosurgery for depression. Br J Psychiatry, 160, 638-642. Abstract. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Sims NR (1992). Letter to the editor. NeuroReport, 3(9).

PANGALOS MN, FRANCIS PT, FOSTER AC, PEARSON RCA, MIDDLEMISS DN, BOWEN DM (1992). NMDA RECEPTORS ASSESSED BY AUTORADIOGRAPHY WITH [H-3] L-689,560 ARE PRESENT BUT NOT ENRICHED ON CORTICOFUGAL-PROJECTING PYRAMIDAL NEURONS. BRAIN RESEARCH, 596(1-2), 223-230. Author URL.

Stratmann GC, Webster MT, Francis PT, Procter AW, Bowen DM (1992). Protease 'Clipsin' extract activity reflects demographic characteristics of human brain. Neurosci Lett, 143(1-2), 43-47. Abstract. Author URL.

Bowen D, Francis P, Sims N, Cross A (1992). Protection from dementia [4]. Science, 258(5087), 1422-1423.

Procter AW, Francis PT, Stratmann GC, Bowen DM (1992). Serotonergic pathology is not widespread in Alzheimer patients without prominent aggressive symptoms. Neurochem Res, 17(9), 917-922. Abstract. Author URL.

BOWEN DM, FRANCIS PT, PANGALOS MN, STEPHENS PH, PROCTER AW, CHESSELL IP (1992). TRADITIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY MAY SUCCEED IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE. TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES, 15(3), 84-85. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Procter AW, Young AB (1992). Treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 55(4). Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Pangalos MN, Stephens PH, Procter AW (1992). Treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease. Lancet, 339(8785), 132-133. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Procter AW, Halliwell JV, Mann DM, Neary D (1992). Treatment strategy for the corticocortical neuron pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol, 32(1). Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Sims NR (1992). beta-Amyloid increased neuronal susceptibility to injury by glucose deprivation. Neuroreport, 3(9), 733-734. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Sims NR, Copani A, Koh J, Cotman CW (1992). β-Amyloid increased neuronal susceptibility to injury by glucose deprivation [1]. NeuroReport, 3(9), 733-734.

Francis PT, Procter AW, Bowen DM (1991). A glycine site as therapeutic target. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 640, 184-188. Author URL.

Procter AW, Stratmann GC, Francis PT, Lowe SL, Bertolucci PH, Bowen DM (1991). Characterisation of the glycine modulatory site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-ionophore complex in human brain. J Neurochem, 56(1), 299-310. Abstract. Author URL.

Chessell IP, Procter AW, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1991). D-cycloserine, a putative cognitive enhancer, facilitates activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-ionophore complex in Alzheimer brain. Brain Res, 565(2), 345-348. Abstract. Author URL.

PANGALOS MN, FRANCIS PT, PEARSON RCA, MIDDLEMISS DN, BOWEN DM (1991). DESTRUCTION OF a SUBPOPULATION OF CORTICAL-NEURONS BY SUICIDE TRANSPORT OF VOLKENSIN, a LECTIN FROM ADENIA-VOLKENSII. JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS, 40(1), 17-29. Author URL.

Wilson K, Bowen D, Francis P, Tyrrell P (1991). Effect of central cholinergic stimulation on regional cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer's disease. British Journal of Psychiatry, 158(APR.), 558-562.

Najlerahim A, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1990). Age-related alteration in excitatory amino acid neurotransmission in rat brain. Neurobiol Aging, 11(2), 155-158. Abstract. Author URL.

Lowe SL, Bowen DM, Francis PT, Neary D (1990). Ante mortem cerebral amino acid concentrations indicate selective degeneration of glutamate-enriched neurons in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience, 38(3), 571-577. Abstract. Author URL.

Procter AW, Francis PT, Lowe SL, Pangalos MN, Steele JE, Bowen DM (1990). Clinical correlations of the neurobiological changes of aging. Ann Med Interne (Paris), 141 Suppl 1, 3-6. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Lowe SL, Bowen DM, Jefferys JG (1990). Lack of change in neurochemical markers during the postepileptic phase of intrahippocampal tetanus toxin syndrome in rats. Epilepsia, 31(6), 697-701. Abstract. Author URL.

Steele JE, Bowen DM, Francis PT, Green AR, Cross AJ (1990). Spermidine enhancement of [3H]MK-801 binding to the NMDA receptor complex in human cortical membranes. Eur J Pharmacol, 189(2-3), 195-200. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Poynton A, Lowe SL, Najlerahim A, Bridges PK, Bartlett JR, Procter AW, Bruton CJ, Bowen DM (1989). Brain amino acid concentrations and Ca2+-dependent release in intractable depression assessed antemortem. Brain Res, 494(2), 315-324. Abstract. Author URL.

BOWEN DM, NAJLERAHIM A, PROCTER AW, FRANCIS PT, MURPHY E (1989). CIRCUMSCRIBED CHANGES OF THE CEREBRAL-CORTEX IN NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS OF LATER LIFE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 86(23), 9504-9508. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Francis PT, Lowe SL, Pangalos MN, Procter AW, Steele JE (1989). Pyramidal neuron loss and "glycine-site therapy": a need for an animal model and study in late-life depression. Neurobiol Aging, 10(5), 616-618. Abstract. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, BOWEN DM (1989). TACRINE, a DRUG WITH THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL FOR DEMENTIA - POST-MORTEM BIOCHEMICAL-EVIDENCE. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES, 16(4), 504-510. Author URL.

Francis PT, Bowen DM (1989). Tacrine, a Drug with Therapeutic Potential for Dementia: Post-Mortem Biochemical Evidence. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques, 16(S4), 504-510. Abstract.

Francis PT, Bowen DM (1989). Tacrine, a drug with therapeutic potential for dementia: post-mortem biochemical evidence. Can J Neurol Sci, 16(4 Suppl), 504-510. Abstract. Author URL.

Cross AJ, Stirling JM, Robinson TN, Bowen DM, Francis PT, Green AR (1989). The modulation by chlormethiazole of the GABAA-receptor complex in rat brain. Br J Pharmacol, 98(1), 284-290. Abstract. Author URL.

Palmer AM, Lowe SL, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1988). Are post-mortem biochemical studies of human brain worthwhile?. Biochem Soc Trans, 16(4), 472-475. Author URL.

Procter AW, Palmer AM, Francis PT, Lowe SL, Neary D, Murphy E, Doshi R, Bowen DM (1988). Evidence of glutamatergic denervation and possible abnormal metabolism in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem, 50(3), 790-802. Abstract. Author URL.

Lowe SL, Francis PT, Procter AW, Palmer AM, Davison AN, Bowen DM (1988). Gamma-aminobutyric acid concentration in brain tissue at two stages of Alzheimer's disease. Brain, 111 ( Pt 4), 785-799. Abstract. Author URL.

Procter AW, Lowe SL, Palmer AM, Francis PT, Esiri MM, Stratmann GC, Najlerahim A, Patel AJ, Hunt A, Bowen DM, et al (1988). Topographical distribution of neurochemical changes in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Sci, 84(2-3), 125-140. Abstract. Author URL.

Palmer AM, Francis PT, Bowen DM, Benton JS, Neary D, Mann DM, Snowden JS (1987). Catecholaminergic neurones assessed ante-mortem in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res, 414(2), 365-375. Abstract. Author URL.

Palmer AM, Wilcock GK, Esiri MM, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1987). Monoaminergic innervation of the frontal and temporal lobes in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res, 401(2), 231-238. Abstract. Author URL.

PALMER AM, FRANCIS PT, BENTON JS, SIMS NR, MANN DMA, NEARY D, SNOWDEN JS, BOWEN DM (1987). PRESYNAPTIC SEROTONERGIC DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE. JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, 48(1), 8-15. Author URL.

Francis PT, Bowen DM, Lowe SL, Neary D, Mann DM, Snowden JS (1987). Somatostatin content and release measured in cerebral biopsies from demented patients. J Neurol Sci, 78(1), 1-16. Abstract. Author URL.

Francis PT, Carl R, Pearson A, Lowe SL, Neal JW, Stephens PH, Powell TP, Bowen DM (1987). The dementia of Alzheimer's disease: an update. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 50(2), 242-243. Author URL.

Francis PT, Palmer AM, Sims NR, Bowen DM, Davison AN, Esiri MM, Neary D, Snowden JS, Wilcock GK (1985). Neurochemical studies of early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Possible influence on treatment. N Engl J Med, 313(1), 7-11. Abstract. Author URL.

Smith CC, Bowen DM, Francis PT, Snowden JS, Neary D (1985). Putative amino acid transmitters in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of patients with histologically verified Alzheimer's dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 48(5), 469-471. Abstract. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, BOWEN DM, NEARY D, PALO J, WIKSTROM J, OLNEY J (1984). SOMATOSTATIN-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN LUMBAR CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID FROM NEUROHISTOLOGICALLY EXAMINED DEMENTED PATIENTS. NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING, 5(3), 183-186. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, GLADWELL RT, HOLMAN RB (1984). THE EFFECT OF TESTOSTERONE ON THE RELEASE OF ENDOGENOUS CATECHOLAMINES FROM THE HYPOTHALAMUS OF THE COCKEREL INVITRO. PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY, 9(1), 69-76. Author URL.

Knight PG, Francis PT, Holman RB, Gladwell RT (1982). Changes in hypothalamic monoamine concentrations accompany the progesterone-induced release of luteinizing hormone in the domestic hen. Neuroendocrinology, 35(5), 359-362. Author URL.

Chapters

Francis PT (2017). Neurochemistry of Alzheimer’s disease. In (Ed) Dementia, Fifth Edition, 486-491. Abstract.

Francis PT (2010). Neurochemistry of Alzheimer's Disease. In (Ed) Principles and Practice of Geriatric Psychiatry: Third Edition, 295-298.

Francis PT (2007). The rationale for glutamatergic therapy in Alzheimer's disease. In (Ed) Pharmacological Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Therapeutics, 105-112. Abstract.

Sharp SI, Francis PT, Ballard CG (2006). Cholinergic and Serotonergic Systems in Severe Dementia. In (Ed) Severe Dementia, 21-31.

Francis PT (2005). Dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems in alzheimer's disease. In (Ed) Dopamine and Glutamate in Psychiatric Disorders, 569-581. Abstract.

Francis PT, Perry EK, Piggott MA, Duda JE (2005). Neurochemical pathology of dementia with lewy bodies. In (Ed) Dementia with Lewy Bodies: and Parkinson's Disease Dementia, 167-176. Abstract.

Clarke NA, Francis PT (2005). Neurochemistry of Alzheimer's disease. In (Ed) Dementia 3Ed, 387-392.

Conferences

Eid T, Lashley T, Warner T, Bandopadhyay R, Hardy J, Holton J, Francis P (2020). Altered synaptic and astrocytic proteins in alpha-synucleinopathies associated with GBA mutation. Author URL.

McAleese KE, Colloby S, Attems J, Thomas A, Francis PT (2020). Mixed brain pathologies account for most dementia in the Brains for Dementia Research cohort. Author URL.

Chong J, Gassiot A, Wenk MR, Francis PT, Aarsland D, Attems J, Chen CP, Herr DR, Lai MKP (2019). Alterations in brain phospholipidome of dementia with lewy bodies and their associations with neuropathological parameters. Author URL.

Rajamani APR, Bell E, Francis P, Aarsland D (2019). NEXT-GENERATION RNA SEQUENCING OF POST-MORTEM ANTERIOR CINGULATE AND DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTICES TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES IN PATHOLOGY-VERIFIED LEWY BODY DEMENTIA. Author URL.

Lai MKP, Chong JR, Francis PT, Aarsland D, Chen CP (2019). Post-mortem assessment of apoptotic factors in Lewy body dementia. Author URL.

Francis P (2019). The Brains for Dementia Research cohort. Author URL.

Bereczki E, Branca RMM, Francis PT, Baek JH, Lehtio J, Aarsland D (2016). Synaptic biomarkers for cognitive decline in Lewy body dementias and Alzheimer's disease. A mass spectrometry approach. Author URL.

Bereczki E, Francis P, Ballard C, Hoglund K, Svenningsson P, Aarsland D (2014). Biomarkers for cognitive decline of early Parkinson's disease. Author URL.

Baek J-H, Whitfield D, Howlett D, Francis P, Bereczki E, Svenningsson P, Aarsland D (2014). The role of unfolded protein response in Lewy body dementias. Author URL.

Troakes C, Hayes GM, Hudspith R, Francis PT (2012). Brains for Dementia Research: providing high quality tissue for neurodegeneration research. Author URL.

Francis P (2012). Combination treatment in Alzheimer's disease - the pre-clinical view. Author URL.

Francis P (2011). THE PHARMACOLOGICAL RATIONALE FOR COMBINATION TREATMENT IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Author URL.

Lovestone S, Francis P, Kloszewska I, Mecocci P, Simmons A, Soininen H, Spenger C, Tsolaki M, Vellas B, Wahlund L-O, et al (2009). AddNeuroMed-The European Collaboration for the Discovery of Novel Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease. Author URL.

Francis P (2008). Behavioural effects of memantine: Understanding the pharmacological rationale. Author URL.

Francis P (2008). Pharmacology of memantine. Author URL.

Francis PT, Kirvell SL (2008). Rationale for glutamatergic and cholinergic approaches for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Author URL.

Lai MKP, Tan MGK, Kirvell SL, Esiri MM, Chen CPL-H, Francis PT (2008). The loss of neocortical P2Y2 nucleotide receptors is associated with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. Author URL.

Francis P (2008). The role of glutamate in healthy brain and Alzheimer's disease. Author URL.

Francis PT (2007). Behavioural effects of memantine: Understanding the pharmacological rationale. Author URL.

Lovestone S, Francis P, Strandgaard K (2007). Biomarkers for disease modification trials - the innovative medicines initiative and AddNeuroMed. Author URL.

Molina-Holgado F, Hider RC, Gaeta A, Williams R, Francis P (2007). Metals ions and neurodegeneration. Author URL.

Francis P (2007). Pharmacology of behavioural effects of memantine. Author URL.

Lai MKP, Tsang SWY, Garcia-Alloza M, Minger SL, Nicoll JAR, Esiri MM, Wong PT-H, Chen CPL-H, Ramirez MJ, Francis PT, et al (2006). APOE ε4 allele affects presynaptic, but not postsynaptic cholinergic markers in Alzheimer's disease neocortex. Author URL.

Francis PT (2006). Biochemical basis of behavioural disturbance in dementia: Implications for therapy. Author URL.

Cummings J, Corey-Bloom J, Francis P, Jones R, Lopez O (2006). Controversies in cholinergic therapy for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Author URL.

Francis P (2006). Targeting cell death in dementia. Author URL.

Jacobs EH, Williams RJ, Francis PT (2005). Enhanced cortical Cdk5, Munc18a and Mint1/X11α levels during the progression of Alzheimer's disease:: Evidence for a neuroprotective mechanism?. Author URL.

Francis PT (2005). The glutamatergic system and its role in higher mental function. Author URL.

Lai KP, Tsang SW, Keene J, Hope T, Esiri MM, Francis PT, Chen CP (2004). Loss of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in, the temporal cortex correlates with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Author URL.

Francis PT (2004). Neurotransmitter imbalance in AD - the role of glutamate. Author URL.

Francis PT (2004). The role of glutamate in CNS and the interplay with other neurotransmitters. Author URL.

Tsang SW, Chen CP, Francis PT, Wong PT, Spence I, Esiri MM, Hope T, Lai MK (2003). 5-HTTPR is associated with altered neocortical [3H]citalopram binding and anxiety in Alzheimer disease. Author URL.

Lai MK, Tsang SW, Esiri MM, Keene J, Hope T, Francis PT, Wong PT, Chen CP (2003). Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor alterations in the postmortem neocortex of behaviorally assessed Alzheimer patients. Author URL.

Chen CPH, Lai MKP, Esiri MM, Francis PT, Hope T (2003). The neurochemistry of serotonin (5-HT) in Alzheimer's disease and BPSD. Author URL.

Matthews KL, Heslop KE, Chapman PF, Francis PT (2001). Biochemical characterisation of mice transgenic for a mutation in amyloid precursor protein (APP) known to cause familial Alzheimer's disease. Author URL.

Francis PT, Alder JT, Cole KL, Heslop KE, Minger SL, Ramirez MJ (1998). Current neurotransmitter strategies in AD drug development. Author URL.

Enz A, Francis PT (1998). The rationale for development of cholinergic therapies in AD. Author URL.

Francis PT, Dijk SN (1997). Glutamatergic function in Alzheimer's disease. Author URL.

Bowen DM, Palmer AM, Francis PT (1996). Alzheimer's disease: from acetylcholine to β-amyloid.

Francis PT (1996). Glutamatergic function in Alzheimer's disease. Author URL.

Francis PT, Chen CPLH, Dijk SN, Procter AW, Bowen DM (1995). Basis for an involvement of serotonin in Alzheimer's disease. Author URL.

QUME M, ZEMAN S, FRANCIS PT, PROCTER AW, BOWEN DM (1995). CHANGES IN CORTICAL 5-HT1(A), RECEPTOR FINDING IN LOBAR ATROPHIES (PICKS-DISEASE AND DEMENTIA OF THE FRONTAL-LOBE TYPE). Author URL.

DIJK SN, FRANCIS PT, WEBSTER MT, STRATMANN GC, BOWEN DM (1995). EFFECT OF DEPOLARIZATION ON STRIATAL EXCITATORY AMINO-ACID AND AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN RELEASE IN-VIVO. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, CHESSELL IP, WEBSTER MT, CLARKE NA, PROCTER AW, ALDER JT, CHEN C, QUME M, ZEMAN S, DIJK S, et al (1995). Is improvement of cholinergic transmission the correct strategy for Alzheimer's disease?. Author URL.

CHEN C, HOPE RA, ALDER JT, EASTWOOD SL, GEDLING K, MCDONALD B, FRANCIS PT, ESIRI MM, BOWEN DM (1995). Loss of paroxetine binding in the neocortex is associated with depression in Alzheimer's disease. Author URL.

BAKER GA, JACOBY A, FRANCIS P, CHADWICK DW (1995). THE LIVERPOOL ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS PROFILE. Author URL.

QUME M, ZEMAN S, STRATMANN GC, WORTH C, FRANCIS PT, PROCTER AW, BOWEN DM (1994). A NEUROCHEMICAL STUDY OF NON-ALZHEIMER DEMENTIA. Author URL.

BOWEN DM, CHESSELL IP, FRANCIS PT, PROCTER AW, QUME M, WEBSTER MT (1994). IS IMPROVEMENT OF CHOLINERGIC TRANSMISSION THE CORRECT STRATEGY FOR ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE. Author URL.

CHEN C, HOPE RA, ALDER JT, KEENE J, MCDONALD B, FRANCIS PT, ESIRI MM, BOWEN DM (1994). LOSS OF 5HT(2A) RECEPTORS IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE NEOCORTEX IS ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE SEVERITY WHILE PRESERVATION OF 5HT(2A) RECEPTORS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ANXIETY. Author URL.

CHEN C, HOPE RA, ALDER JT, EASTWOOD SL, GEDLING K, MCDONALD B, FRANCIS PT, ESIRI MM, BOWEN DM (1994). LOSS OF PAROXETINE BINDING IN THE NEOCORTEX IS ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSION IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE. Author URL.

QUME M, MISRA A, ZEMAN S, STRATMANN GC, WORTH C, CROSS AJ, FRANCIS PT, PROCTER AW, BOWEN DM (1994). NEUROCHEMICAL PROFILES OF NON-ALZHEIMER NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS. Author URL.

DIJK S, FRANCIS PT, BOWEN DM (1994). NMDA-INDUCED GLUTAMATE RELEASE FROM RAT CORTICAL PYRAMIDAL NEURONS IS POTENTIATED BY a 5-HT1A ANTAGONIST. Author URL.

CHEN C, ALDER JT, HOPE RA, FRANCIS PT, MCDONALD B, ESIRI MM, BOWEN DM (1994). THE 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINERGIC SYSTEM IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE EXHIBITS PLASTICITY AND IS AFFECTED BY NEUROLEPTIC MEDICATION. Author URL.

Chessell LP, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1993). A cortical pyramidal neurone neurotransmitter receptor that may affect β-amyloid precursor protein.

BOWEN DM, FRANCIS PT, HOLMES C, PROCTER AW, WEBSTER MT (1993). CORTICAL PYRAMIDAL NEURON LOSS IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE - REDUCED NA+-DEPENDENT D-[H-3]-ASP UPTAKE AND INCREASED SOLUBLE BETA-AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN (APP). Author URL.

CHESSELL IP, FRANCIS PT, HEATH PR, PEARSON RCA, BOWEN DM (1993). EFFECT OF ENTORHINAL INJECTION OF VOLKENSIN ON THE STRUCTURE AND NEUROTRANSMITTER RECEPTORS OF THE HIPPOCAMPUS. Author URL.

Clarke NA, Procter AW, Webster MT, Francis PT, Hodgkiss AD, Bowen DM (1993). Effect of Li+ therapy and site of origin on cerebrospinal fluid β-amyloid precursor protein derivatives.

Webster MT, Vekrellis K, Francis PT, Pearce BR, Bowen DM (1993). Factors affecting the β-amyloid precursor in PC12 cells.

BALMACEDA C, FORSYTH P, SEIDMAN AD, FRANCIS P, DEANGELIS LM (1993). PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY IN PATIENTS RECEIVING TAXOTERE CHEMOTHERAPY. Author URL.

Stratmann GC, Webster MT, Bhogal G, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1993). Protease 'Clipsin' activity and β-amyloid precursor protein degradation by Alzheimer brain.

Holmes C, Webster MT, Procter AW, Francis PT, Bowen DM (1993). Relationship between β-amyloid precursor protein, pyramidal neurones and astrocytes in human neocortex.

FRANCIS PT, PROCTER AW, BOWEN DM (1991). A GLYCINE SITE AS THERAPEUTIC TARGET. Author URL.

BOWEN DM, CROSS AJ, FRANCIS PT, GREEN AR, LOWE SL, PROCTER AW, STEELE JE, STRATMANN GC (1990). DISTRIBUTION OF NEUROCHEMICAL DEFICITS IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, BOWEN DM (1989). STUDY OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS SUGGESTS GLYCINE-SITE THERAPY IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE AND AN INVESTIGATIVE APPROACH FOR LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION. Author URL.

ABILA B, FRANCIS P, LACHE F (1988). PRELIMINARY SCREENING OF a SINGLE-DOSE NATIVE ANTIEPILEPTIC PREPARATION USED IN NIGERIA. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, LOWE SL, PALMER AM, PROCTER AW, STRATMANN GC, NEARY D, SNOWDEN JS, BOWEN DM (1986). EXCITATORY AMINO-ACID NEUROTRANSMITTERS, SOMATOSTATIN AND DEGENERATE CORTICAL-NEURONS IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE. Author URL.

PALMER AM, FRANCIS PT, BOWEN DM (1986). THE STABILITY OF 5-HYDROXYINDOLEACETIC ACID AND NORADRENALINE IN NORMAL AND ALZHEIMER POSTMORTEM BRAIN. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, BOWEN DM (1985). RELEVANCE OF REDUCED CONCENTRATIONS OF SOMATOSTATIN IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE. Author URL.

FRANCIS PT, GLADWELL RT, HOLMAN RB (1982). THE EFFECT OF TESTOSTERONE ON THE RELEASE OF ENDOGENOUS CATECHOLAMINES FROM THE HYPOTHALAMUS OF THE COCKEREL. Author URL.

Office Hours:

My appointment at Exeter is 40% FTE and i am happy to take part in meetings on Monday, Tuesday and Thursday. My non-working days are Wednesday and Friday.

Edit Profile